Service Profit Chain Valuation Argument about whether employee Essay

Service Profit Chain Valuation Argument about whether employee satisfaction can lead to Customer satisfaction in hence leads to customer loyalty - Essay Example Customer loyalty means that the resort will have repeat business from the same customers and, therefore, remain doing business (Kamakura et al. 2002, p.311). Furthermore, customer loyalty increases the repurchase levels which translate to profitability and a large consumer base. In the service industry, consumer satisfaction is the driving force behind marketing thought and practice (Chakrapani 1998, p.47). In practice, consumer satisfaction is the consumer’s comparison between their purchase and use with the rewards and costs of the service. Other than consumer satisfaction, employee satisfaction is also another factor that determines the profitability of resorts and spas. The employees provide the various services to the customers. Their service delivery is what determines the customer satisfaction and loyalty in the long run. For this reason, employees are the essential part in the service industry. Management in this industry has to manage employees in such a way that they are satisfied. This is the biggest challenge in the hospitality industry as it determines the overall success of the resort or spa. In addition, employee satisfaction increases guest satisfaction and ultimately guest loyalty. This essay analyzes the two concepts, consumer satisfaction, and employee satisfaction, using the service profit chain theory to fully understand their significance to the service industry. Advertising and marketing in this industry relies heavily on consumer behavior; it is the success scale of this industry. The challenge in this industry is trying to attract customers for longer visits and repeat business (Smith & Puczko 2009, p.13). In comparison to other hospitality segments, the resort and spa industry is the fastest growing segment in this industry. Their number has grown steadily over the last few years due to their unique and novel services they provide. Smith and Puczko (2009) attribute the growth of this industry to the recent global trend of alternative

To What Extent Do You Think Was a Revolutionary Sculptor Essay Example for Free

To What Extent Do You Think Was a Revolutionary Sculptor Essay Kritios was an Athenian sculptor, whose style and technique during the late archaic period helped revolutionize the archaic period into the Classical period. He has two main statutes that I am going to examine the first of which being the Kritios boy. Also referred to as â€Å"the first beautiful nude art† it is very important as it is a precursor to the later classical sculptures. It depicts a young boy in an idea form (so sculpted in the nude if they where in the ideal form) and is possibly a reflection of the Athenian cultural obsession with Pederasty. Yet it is more important in the sense that it smashes the Korous pose. The Kritios boy is so important as Kritios has mastered a complete understanding of how the different parts of the body act together, the statue supports the weight on the left leg meaning that the right one is bent at the knee and relaxed, and forces a chain of events as the pelvis is pushed diagonally upwards on the left side this causes the right buttock to relax and the spine to be placed in an â€Å"S† shaped curve causing the shoulder line to dip left to counteract the action of the pelvis. his stance is referred to as contrapposto, and the Kritios boy is one of the earliest examples of it mastered. (One of the greatest examples of contrapposto in history was during the neoclassical period ‘David† by Michelangelo, 1504) but this could not have been achieved without Kritios. The kritios boy also shows a number of other innovations that distinguish it from any of the Archaic Kouroi or anythi ng from the Archaic period. The muscular and skeletal structure are depicted with an unforced life-like accuracy as well as having the rib cage naturally expanded. Almost as if he is breathing in. the statue’s hips are relaxed and another reason why it is revolutionary in the break though into the classical period is the â€Å"smile† of the archaic statues, has been changed to accurate lips and the face is completely emotionless. The second Kritios statue I am going to look at was not just made by him, He and Nesiotes combined their sculptures of Aristogeiton and Harmodius to make ‘The Tyrannicides’ (477-476BC). These statues were a replica of the climax of the story about the two men who killed the Tyrant Of Athens. The Tyrannicides story is told through their stances and the objects they were holding. Aristogeiton (Eromenos); the statue sculpted by Kritios was the older man and the one with all the experience and wisdom who has a beard. He managed to show this by the way Aristogeiton was standing with one leg in front of the other at a defence angle. His arm flat out holding a knife to show his weapon. That he used to stab Hippias to death, some drapery over his arm is shown, and it appears to be being used as some kind of defense, this illustrates that he is experienced. Once again Kritos has used details and the realism to help push sculptor and realism forward with Aristogeiton’s muscles, stance, facial features. As well as beard that course stands out (again illustrating how he is wise). Both statues have frontal emphasis with both having a leg in front and their attacking arms pointing out to the front. The use of frontal emphasis almost puts you in Hipparchus’ shoes because it is what he would have seen when he was getting attacked. Making this a very threatening and violent image. Aristogeiton’s partner Harmodius was sculpted by Nesiotes who followed Kritios’ example and decided to base Hamodius on the opposite of Aristogeiton and make him extremely inexperienced and reckless. Because of his youth, he lacked the experience that Aristogeiton had, therefore his pose was very reckless and he is open to be attacked as his arm in the air exposing the rest of his body,. These men were seen as heroes for the way they killed the King who was more of a tyrant, which opened up Athenian democracy. And they have been immortalized and shown as very strong powerful figures. Again the statues are both very realistic in the way all the joints and body work together (the fact more weight is on one left leg this causes the pelvises to rise ect) In conclusion I feel that Kritios was a revolutionary sculptor as he mastered how a human figure standing with most of it’s weight on one foot causes a compelete change throughout the body as the human form does causing his statues to look allot more realist. This caused a massive step forward in the art and ability to create lifelike sculptures that completely makes the stiff kouroi of the archaic period completely obsolete.

The Role of the Central Bank in Stabilizing the Economy Essay -- monet

Monetary Policy Monetary policy is divided into two categories, contractionary monetary policy and expansionary monetary policy. Contractionary monetary policy is a policy that reduces the money supply and increases interest rate. It aims to slow down economic growth in order to prevent or slow down inflation. Expansionary monetary policy is a policy that lowers interest rate and increases money supply. It aims to stimulate economic growth and to pull the country out of recession. There are different tools of monetary policy such as Open Market Operations, Discount Rate and Reserve Requirements. The Open Market Operations are one of the major tools in monetary policy. It involves buying and selling bonds to regulate money supply in the country’s economy. In term of expansionary monetary policy, the central bank increases the money supply by buying bonds from commercial banks, and then the funds are increased and the commercial banks can use as loans to public. When there are more cash in the bank, the interest rates will be decreased and this promotes economic growth. In term of contractionary monetary policy, the money supply reduces as the central bank sells bonds to the commercial banks, the short term interest rate of banks increases and therefore it slows down the economic growth. Discount Rate is the interest rate that commercial banks pay to borrow funds from central bank (U.S. Department of State, n.d.). This works when the public deposit money into commercial banks; commercial banks also deposit money into the central bank. At the same time, the central bank lends money to commercial banks and commercial banks lend money to the public. When there is inflation, the contractionary monetary policy is applied. The c... ... [6 March 2014] Tutor2u, n.d., limitations of gdp when measuring living standards, available from http://www.tutor2u.net/economics/content/topics/livingstandards/limitations_of_gdp.htm [5 March 2014] U.S. Department of State, n.d., Bank Reserves and the Discount Rate, available from http://economics.about.com/od/monetaryandfiscalpolicy/a/bank_reserves.htm [3 March 2014] Weil, n.d., Fiscal Policy, available from http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/FiscalPolicy.html [4 March 2014] Workshop on Fiscal Policy IMF, 2009, The Effectiveness of Automatic Stabilizers, available from https://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=16&cad=rja&ved=0CEkQFjAFOAo&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fexternal%2Fnp%2Fseminars%2Feng%2F2009%2Ffispol%2Fpdf%2Ffatas.ppt&ei=c_4VU-j6NI6AhAf0lYCQDw&usg=AFQjCNHGi-hdnMfsvPmWfdpw6j9cisYLkQ&bvm=bv.62286460,d.ZGU [4 March 2014]

The History of Domestic Violence Essay -- Violence Against Women Essay

Domestic Violence is a critical issue negatively impacting women in the world today. There has to be something done to prevent this type of abuse from happening. The results of my research revealed that there are many victims that do not know the type of help that is available and there needs to be major improvement in the way domestic violence cases are handled. Based on my findings, awareness and prevention programs should be implemented in every state in order prevent this type of abuse from happening over and over. Also, each program must be monitored to ensure they are following the proper guidelines in order to better serve the victims and their families. Has domestic violence stemmed from the mental abuse suffered by our ancestors that still feel that they need to either be control or control others? According to our history text, â€Å"The first impulse was to think of freedom as a contrast to slavery. Emancipation immediately released slaves from the most oppressive aspects of bondage—the whippings, the breakup of families, the sexual exploitation. Freedom also meant movement, the right to travel without a pass or white permission. Above all, freedom meant that African Americans’ labor would be for their own benefit. One Arkansas freedman, who earned his first dollar working on a railroad, recalled that when he was paid, â€Å"I felt like the richest man in the world.†Freedom included finding a new place to work. Changing jobs was one concrete way to break the psychological ties of slavery. Even planters with reputations for kindness sometimes saw their former hands depart. The cook who left a South Carolina family even though they offered her higher wages than her new job explained, â€Å"I must go. If I stays here I’ll never know ... ...ased play interventions for children (pp. 31-49). American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/11086-003. Rosenbaum, A., & Kunkel, T. (2009). Group interventions for intimate partner violence. Psychological and physical aggression in couples: Causes and interventions (pp. 191-210). American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/11880-009. Straus, M. (2009). Gender symmetry in partner violence: evidence and implications for prevention and treatment. Preventing partner violence: Research and evidence-based intervention strategies (pp. 245-271). American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/11873-011. Sullivan, C. (2006). Interventions to address intimate partner violence: The current state of the field. Preventing violence: Research and evidence-based intervention strategies (pp. 195-212). American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/11385-008.

Contemporary World Culture “Why Women Go Into Porn”

There are quite a few reasons why men and woman enter into the porn industry, but by far it’s all about the money and many porn stars have said it’s because of the money. Porn is a billion dollar industry as money is made through the selling of pornographic magazines and movies. With the advent of the internet, porn has catapulted into an even bigger money maker for the porn industry and not only in the U. S. but world wide. Porn is literally everywhere and there are thousands of websites that offer pornographic videos, pictures and even stream live web-cams. Depending on what you wish to see you can watch live footage of people having sex or engaging in other sexual acts. But what about the actors or actresses that are in porn, how and why do they really get involved in such an industry? For the women more so than the men society asks why women get themselves involved doing sexual acts on film or live. The porn industry makes it seem like the porn actresses love sex and that they want you to think that they enjoy being degraded by all kinds of repulsive acts. The truth about porn actresses is that they showed up on the set not knowing about certain requirements and were told by porn producers to do it or leave without being paid. Work or never work again. Some of these women don’t have a choice because they need the money bad, so some were manipulated and coerced and even threatened. Throughout their career some of these women have caught HIV, Herpes, or some other kind of sexually transmitted disease from that coercion. Other porn actresses have gone home after a long night of numbing her pain, puts a pistol to her head and pulls the trigger. Now she’s dead. It’s safe to say most women who turn to porn acting as a money making enterprise, probably didn’t grow up in healthy childhoods either. In fact, many actresses admit they’ve experienced sexual abuse, physical abuse, verbal abuse and neglect by parents. Some were raped by relatives and molested by neighbors. When they were little girls they wanted to play with dollies and be mommies, not have big scary men get on top of them. The same horrible violations they experienced then, they relive it through as they perform in front of the camera and quite a few of them hate every minute of it. Despite the fact that some people look down on and frown at women working in the porn industry we as a society must realize that it is their choice and their choice alone to work in this industry. Some women who are struggling to become models or actresses will do porn films so they are not forced to live on the streets. The biggest reason for women and even men in porn is the money, and several female porn stars have made millions of dollars in the porn industry. The porn industry can be a stepping stone to other things in life, whatever the case may be. But we all start somewhere and the porn industry is where some women and men choose and want to be. I tried to find some official statistics online from sites like The Department of Justice, but all they had was child pornography statistics. Here are a few from a Christian site that is involved in a program to help those women get out of the porn industry.

Free Essays on Benjamin Banneker Synopsis

African American History: Benjamin Banneker Benjamin Banneker was an African-American born 1731 in Baltimore County; in tidewater Maryland. Banneker lived in Maryland for just about his whole entire life. On the western side of the Chesapeake Bay. He comes from a slave background just like many other African Americans at that time. His mother Mary who married his father a Negro named Robert in 1730. Benjamin Banneker was one of the most intelligent mathematician and astronomers to ever live. Banneker is not only a significant person to Africans but too human kind period; he achieve so much with so little and should be viewed as a hero for every ethnic background. Benjamin Banneker was raised in a slave state; the Chesapeake Bay was some places were the merchants would unload slaves. The slaves would later be disperse in the slave market; where they would later be distributed among the plantations. Slavery was really heavy in Baltimore because there were many tobacco plantations and they need the slave labor to farm the tobacco fields. In Maryland there were really more indentured servants than slaves; it was more like an agreement between ship masters and people living in poverty in England. In order for the people living in poor cities to afford to pay for their transportation to America they would agree to be a servants to the person paying for their transportation for a certain amount of years. Baltimore had passed an amendment which stated that in order for a slave or servant to be outside the ten miles the radius of the slave owners houses; they would have to be granted a letter signed by the slave Owner. Djoukeng 2 Benjamin Banneker was a tobacco planter; his mother Mary was the oldest daughter out Of the Molly’s Brood household. She was the first child out her household to leave the family. Unlike m... Free Essays on Benjamin Banneker Synopsis Free Essays on Benjamin Banneker Synopsis African American History: Benjamin Banneker Benjamin Banneker was an African-American born 1731 in Baltimore County; in tidewater Maryland. Banneker lived in Maryland for just about his whole entire life. On the western side of the Chesapeake Bay. He comes from a slave background just like many other African Americans at that time. His mother Mary who married his father a Negro named Robert in 1730. Benjamin Banneker was one of the most intelligent mathematician and astronomers to ever live. Banneker is not only a significant person to Africans but too human kind period; he achieve so much with so little and should be viewed as a hero for every ethnic background. Benjamin Banneker was raised in a slave state; the Chesapeake Bay was some places were the merchants would unload slaves. The slaves would later be disperse in the slave market; where they would later be distributed among the plantations. Slavery was really heavy in Baltimore because there were many tobacco plantations and they need the slave labor to farm the tobacco fields. In Maryland there were really more indentured servants than slaves; it was more like an agreement between ship masters and people living in poverty in England. In order for the people living in poor cities to afford to pay for their transportation to America they would agree to be a servants to the person paying for their transportation for a certain amount of years. Baltimore had passed an amendment which stated that in order for a slave or servant to be outside the ten miles the radius of the slave owners houses; they would have to be granted a letter signed by the slave Owner. Djoukeng 2 Benjamin Banneker was a tobacco planter; his mother Mary was the oldest daughter out Of the Molly’s Brood household. She was the first child out her household to leave the family. Unlike m...

Bystander Apathy essays

Bystander Apathy essays As you wait to cross the street, a blind man is standing in front of you. Without warning, he begins to cross the street even though the light has not changed in his favor. He seems to be in no danger until you see a car about a half mile away speeding towards him. Totally unaware of the situation, the man continues walking across the street. As you and many others watch in horror he is struck by the car. Although every single one of you had plenty of time to rescue him, you just watched, hoping that someone else would do it. After all, you don't know him so it's really none of your business. This is what is referred to as "bystander apathy". People close enough to see, hear and possibly touch one another are socially distant and totally indifferent to the fact that another human being may be dying, in immediate danger, or asking for help. This extremely sad urban problem is just that- a problem of cities. The likelihood of this occurring increases with the number of people present and it is probable that there will be many people to witness an event when it happens in high density cities. Urban sociologists, social psychologists, and criminologists have argued for years that the size of cities is directly related to the amount of "social pathology" they contain. The legal consequences are not severe. Unless an individual is a certified medical doctor, they have no obligation in Alberta to help anyone in need. So generally, they don't. The personal consequences may be more severe. Feelings of guilt and regret may follow an event, especially if it ends fatally or if the individual feels that they could have done something significant. Because of this, people attempt to convince themselves and others that they were justified in their inaction because "it wasn't their place", "I didn't want to do it alone", or "I didn't want to get involved." Excuses like this often stem from fears of being seen as abnormal, possib...

Proven MBA Essay Tips for Outstanding Application

Proven MBA Essay Tips for Outstanding Application Proven MBA Essay Tips for Outstanding Application Writing an MBA essay in order to get into a business school is more about expressing your true self than following any sort of predetermined set of rules. However, it’s good to keep in mind that even though you are not restricted in your writing, it’s still a good idea to think twice about everything you want to include in your application essay. Luckily, there are some proven MBA essay tips that can help you get on your way and start writing that application paper. Let’s take a look at some of them, and keep in mind that you should adapt each one to who you are and what business school you are applying to; don’t take them for granted. Research your school Assuming that you’ve settled with applying to a particular business school, it’s important to do some research before writing your MBA essay. Every school has a different set of expectations and knowing what they are will give you a competitive edge towards other applicants. You can even go a step further and do some research about the school itself. Including some of these facts subtly in your application essay will show the admission board that you are a person who does their own research and does a thorough job of choosing his or her future school. This will make them feel grateful for your initiative. Reflect and plan ahead Writing your MBA essay might take longer than you think, since it will require that you sit down and talk with yourself. That’s right; you need to get to know the real you in order to write a perfect application essay, MBA or not. Think about everything you’ve been through so far and what makes you tick. Why do you want to go to business school? Why that particular school? Every answer that you come up with should go to your notepad for further use once you start writing the actual MBA essay. Fortunately, there are sources out there that can give you useful MBA essay tips on what the admission office will look for the most. Take your time to carefully plan your application essay and not rush anything before you are confident that you are ready. Be constructive and critical The most important element of your application essay is the section in which you list everything you are good at and not so good at. This is the part where you put your ego on the side and be very honest with yourself. No one is perfect, and realizing that you’re not perfect is the first step in knowing who you are and becoming better at it. Business schools are always on the lookout for self-aware and self-confident people who are willing to improve themselves and not let their inner pride take over. Modesty and humble thinking will always win over pride, so make sure that you have a good balance of both. Be yourself when you write your application essay. You are applying for business school, but you’re also human and you are allowed to convey feelings and express thoughts. Forward-thinking and visionary students are always welcome at any business school. Write cohesively You will want to say a lot of things in your MBA essay and it’s important that all of it feels like a whole. You can’t start your application paper with one tone of voice and end it on a completely different leg. This will show that you are nervous and unsure of yourself. While that may be the case with many applying students, there are services out there that help students format and proofread admission essays in order to make them presentable. You can write whatever you are obliged to write and send them your paper in order to make it more cohesive. Just keep in mind that you can do the same by yourself as well; all you need is a clear head and some online research about what an MBA essay format should look like. Answer the questions Try not to lose yourself in your thoughts when you write your MBA essay. The questions given to you on the application should be the guidelines for your application essay. The school wants you to answer questions in the most direct way possible, and often these questions are not easy. â€Å"Where do you see yourself in ten years time?† is anything but easy to answer. What’s even worse than not answering is writing something completely different and losing the point of your answer. It’s also a good idea to be unique in the way you write your answers. Try to use synonyms and critical thinking by describing your personal skills in a new way. If you’re an avid reader, this shouldn’t be a problem, since reading is the best way to expand your vocabulary and give you new ways of expressing your thoughts. You need to read and reread each question carefully in order to get a better understanding of what is being asked of you. Some MBA essay samples out there might give you a clearer picture of how you should write your paper, but keep in mind that anything you write should be your original thought. Don’t quote and paraphrase anyone; try to answer the questions with your own thoughts. This will show the admission board that you are honest and self-aware individual who is not afraid of who he or she is. Ask for help Whether it’s your parents, your school counselor or a favorite professor; be sure to ask for help and plenty of it. The people who know you will give you fresh insight into who you are and what kind of people skills you have. Since you’ve decided to go to college, many people will be happy to approach you and give you MBA essay tips since this could be the factor that makes or breaks your application essay. Make sure to ask for help from anyone that you think might give you any form of useful advice. Another good way of ensuring that your MBA essay is written correctly is to have your professor read it and gives you feedback. After all a professor will tell you exactly what he or she would look for in an application essay. Once you are satisfied with your writing, it’s time to check your MBA essay format one more time before submitting it. Make sure to check the paper for any grammar or proofreading errors. These will make you look unprofessional, and business school admission boards don’t like unprofessional applications.

Understanding the international marketing environment Essay

Understanding the international marketing environment - Essay Example Global marketing has become a popular subject of research and analysis due to increasing number of companies starting their operations in various countries. The increasing trend of globalization of the world economy, international marketing has become an essentiality for survival of all organizations irrespective of being big or small as previously multinational companies used to enjoy the benefits of international business (Lee and Carter, 2009). The major trend today is growing internationalization of international business contrary to 1950’s when major form of international business was exporting by national firms (Terpstra, 1985). The essential elements of effective international marketing are the ability to interpret the business environment, recognize the foreign market opportunities and appreciate how the firm’s resources can best be used to match and develop patterns of market demand (Gilligan and Hird, 1986). International Marketing is the process of planning a nd conducting transactions across national borders to create exchanges that satisfy the objectives of individuals and organizations (Czinkota and Ronkainen, 2007). International marketing environment includes various factors like political, legal, environment and economic. However the present paper critically analyses the network theory model of internalization and evaluate the effects of climate differences and differing levels of disposable income on the business and how it influences the design of firms’ marketing campaign.... Network theory was initially developed in the context of industrial marketing to explain how firms connect to each other and develop long term relationships as opposed to conventional transaction-only approach dominant in marketing theory. This suggests that firms do not enter international markets as standalone actors but instead are part of network of other firms providing them the chance to internationalize their operations in various parts of the world (Baker and Hart, 2007). Gummesson (2006) mentioned that network theory has primarily attracted attention in business to business marketing which has been extended further to marketing in general. It is further stated that general network theory categorizes all of us as nodes in a network of relationships in which we interact and form clusters which further form organizations and corporations. Gummesson (2002) further states that total relationship marketing is a synthesis of contributions from several marketing and management theor ies and practices and network theory of business to business marketing has been an important source of inspiration from relationship marketing. Organizations in the present economy depend mostly of marketing their products and services. The successful organizations have been able to make it big because of their marketing ability to promote their products in the international arena. Companies marketing their products and services through hiring of public figures as brand ambassadors, providing opportunity for small businesses to sell their goods and services as freelancers and media are all part of a network which is interconnected to make profits for the

Charlemagne as a Christian king Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Charlemagne as a Christian king - Essay Example th the papacy and various ecclesiastical and administrative reforms, he managed to stop the cultural and political collapse of the early, Middle periods and establish a basis for extensive central administration north of the Alps, (Barbero 34). Charlemagne was a prominent military conqueror, and he directed his talent into the church service, for in winning some of the Western Europe and some parts of east, he utilized military forces to coerce all his subjects to turn to Christianity. In addition, he supported various, subtle missionary attempts and motivated the expansion of Benedict monasteries mostly the duplication of theological manuscripts. Charlemagne’s religiosity made him visualize himself as having a spiritual responsibility to establish the kingdom of God on the earth, but he used brutal, intrigue and extreme hostility to the latter. He invested all his crucial campaigns with religious significance. Charlemagne abolished the pagan idols and Saxons’ grooves and offered them a choice of converting to Christianity or dying, (Sypeck 67). Charlemagne offered a better deal of alms to the needy in his country and beyond. Whenever he realized that Christians were languishing in poverty- such as Jerusalem, Africa and Egypt – he had benevolence on the people, and sent resources oversea to assist them. Through this support, he strove to establish friendships with alien kings to be able to provide relief to Christians under their rule. He adored the Saint. Peter’s Church at Rome and bombarded its treasury with extensive riches of Gold, precious stones as well as Silver. He also sent various valuable endowments to the popes and in the whole of his leadership, his most desirable wish was to restore the traditional Roman authority by his influence and under his authority. He also longed to preserve and defend St. Peter’s Church, beautifying and enhancing himself over all other Christian churches. The military conquest, subtlety and efforts to enforce

An Important Place in My Life Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

An Important Place in My Life - Assignment Example I like this place because of its eccentric nature and the representation of an undying love that was shown by the Emperor. It is evident that the Emperor wanted to honor his three wives to show the world the importance of marriage (DuTemple, 2003). Although it is located in India, the structure comprises of Persian and Mughal architectural drawings. The building is in the shape a white marble tomb with other amazing features that represent the theme of love. Situated in a cool environment where tourists can easily access it without causing congestion within the city, the place registers many visitors each year. The atmosphere is serene and police officers ensure people do not cause damage to the features in the tomb (Arnold, Comora & Bhushan, 2007). As a result, Taj Mahal is an international heritage that deserves the respect and admiration of all people across the world. The symbolic design and nature of the building manifest the love message that Shah wanted to convey through architecture. Similarly, the white marbles normally change color because of the sunlight or moonlight rays that strike the surface. This marvelous site is a symbol of India’s history that made the construction to receive an honor of being among the world heritage locations. I still appreciate the marble domes and the golden finials around the tombs. The notion of combining different art elements from the Indian and Persian inspirations makes the tombs to have a distinct feature (Arnold, Comora & Bhushan, 2007). The other aspect that makes Taj Mahal my favorite place is that love inspires people to appreciate their partners. The place attracts newly married couples who go there for honeymoon sessions. The moments and stories about that place inspire people to appreciate their loved ones by being creative when presenting their gifts to the partners (DuTemple, 2003).  

Business Market analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business Market analysis - Essay Example Footballers are one of the highly paid professionals in the world. In recent years, soccer industry has turned to internet marketing where they carry out their marketing deals. Almost all the famous clubs in the world have opened web sites where they conduct their business. These sites are visited by millions of fans each and every day. However there are professional bodies which have opened up web sites although they don't own any clubs. As has been mentioned this industry is highly organized. In the world, the industry is headed by an umbrella organization called FIFA. This is the umbrella body which sets out rules under which the industry is to operate. FIFA is an umbrella body of continental soccer bodies. Then each and every country has a body that regulate the sport in the individual country although these country bodies can be brought together to form a lager regional body. The organization that manages foot ball in each country holds tournament in the country. Some of these leagues or tournaments are famous all over the world. Premier League in England is perhaps one of the most famous leagues in the world that brings in billions of pounds in returns. The La Liga in Spain is also very famous and brings in more dollars. As has been mentioned there are two kinds of website which carry out soccer business on the internet. One there is the club website. All the major clubs in the world have opened websites from where they conduct their businesses. In this category soccer clubs in England have some of the sites that are visited mostly by people in the world. Then there are websites which are operated by tournament like Premier League website of La Liga Website. These are also famous and are visited by many people. There are also websites which are operated by individual bodies which manages the sport like UEFA website, FIFA website, and other sites which are run by bodies doing soccer business over the internet. Some of the sites which are visited regularly include the following: Club websites: - Manchester United website (Manchesterunited.com), Arsenal website (arsenal.com), Real Madrid website, Barcelona website, Chelsea website, and others Tournaments website: - UEFA website (Uefa.com), La Liga website, Premier league website (premierleague.com), and others Managing bodies' website: - FIFA website (FIFA.com), FA website (FA.com), and others Other soccer websites: - 365 Media website (365mediagroup.com), UKSOCCER SHOP (www.uksoccer.com), English Soccer net, and others. Individual player sites: Some players have developed their own sites or have been included in other sites. E.g. thiery-henry.net How the sites make money These clubs make a lot of money each and every day. Soccer websites are some of the most visited sites in the internet world today. They are mostly visited by youths who are fans of these clubs. It has been recorded that club websites are frequently visited on daily bases by the fans of those clubs who want to catch the recent results from the played games of catch up with the recent development in sports. The clubs have learned a way of keeping their fans glued to their sites by ensuring that they have a section where fans can interact with one another by posting their comments after every game. Apart from club websites, soccer tournaments

Thermoplastic polyester elastomer nanocomposites Assignment

Thermoplastic polyester elastomer nanocomposites - Assignment Example It also shows very good resistance to impact, tear, creep, and abrasion. Inorder to improve to improve mechanical, therma and electrical properties of TPEs (Aso 2006, 2854) fillers such as mica, clays, silica, kaolin, and talc are added (Sreekanth 2009, pg. 272). Mica improves critical properties of TPEs, these properties are cost effective . which are cost effective (Sreekanth 2009, pg. 272). This position has also been supported by LeBaron et al. (1999, pg.12) who argues that composites that show a change in structure and composition over a nanometer length always exhibit property enhancements in comparison to conventioanally scaled composites. Layered silicates which have been distributed as a reinforcing phase on a polymer matrix are an example of such mixture of inorganic/organic nanocomposites (LeBaron et al.1999, pg.12). Some of these enhanced properties are, increased moduli, increased heat resistance and strength, and also decreased flammability (Ray et al. 2003, pg. 2355). For example, in a nylon layered silicate with 2 % with volume of inorgan ic content, doubling of strenghth and tensile modulus is achieved (Giannelis 1997, pg. 675). The reason why nanocomposites exhibit improved characteristics as compared to conventional composites is because the dispersion of clay nano layers increases the number of reinforcing elements available that can deflect cracks (LeBaron et al.1999, pg.13). Coupling between polymer matrix and the large surface area (760 m2/g) increases stress transfer to the reinforcement phase, which enable toughning and tensile improvement by (LeBaron et al.1999, pg.13). In addition, layered silicates thickness are in the order of 1 nm and they also have high aspect ratios in the magnitude of (10-1000) (Ray et al. 2003, pg. 2355). There are various reasons why there is an increase in the high aspect ratios of the nanocomposites.According to Yano et al. (1993), it is possible that the improved barrier

Business Market analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business Market analysis - Essay Example Footballers are one of the highly paid professionals in the world. In recent years, soccer industry has turned to internet marketing where they carry out their marketing deals. Almost all the famous clubs in the world have opened web sites where they conduct their business. These sites are visited by millions of fans each and every day. However there are professional bodies which have opened up web sites although they don't own any clubs. As has been mentioned this industry is highly organized. In the world, the industry is headed by an umbrella organization called FIFA. This is the umbrella body which sets out rules under which the industry is to operate. FIFA is an umbrella body of continental soccer bodies. Then each and every country has a body that regulate the sport in the individual country although these country bodies can be brought together to form a lager regional body. The organization that manages foot ball in each country holds tournament in the country. Some of these leagues or tournaments are famous all over the world. Premier League in England is perhaps one of the most famous leagues in the world that brings in billions of pounds in returns. The La Liga in Spain is also very famous and brings in more dollars. As has been mentioned there are two kinds of website which carry out soccer business on the internet. One there is the club website. All the major clubs in the world have opened websites from where they conduct their businesses. In this category soccer clubs in England have some of the sites that are visited mostly by people in the world. Then there are websites which are operated by tournament like Premier League website of La Liga Website. These are also famous and are visited by many people. There are also websites which are operated by individual bodies which manages the sport like UEFA website, FIFA website, and other sites which are run by bodies doing soccer business over the internet. Some of the sites which are visited regularly include the following: Club websites: - Manchester United website (Manchesterunited.com), Arsenal website (arsenal.com), Real Madrid website, Barcelona website, Chelsea website, and others Tournaments website: - UEFA website (Uefa.com), La Liga website, Premier league website (premierleague.com), and others Managing bodies' website: - FIFA website (FIFA.com), FA website (FA.com), and others Other soccer websites: - 365 Media website (365mediagroup.com), UKSOCCER SHOP (www.uksoccer.com), English Soccer net, and others. Individual player sites: Some players have developed their own sites or have been included in other sites. E.g. thiery-henry.net How the sites make money These clubs make a lot of money each and every day. Soccer websites are some of the most visited sites in the internet world today. They are mostly visited by youths who are fans of these clubs. It has been recorded that club websites are frequently visited on daily bases by the fans of those clubs who want to catch the recent results from the played games of catch up with the recent development in sports. The clubs have learned a way of keeping their fans glued to their sites by ensuring that they have a section where fans can interact with one another by posting their comments after every game. Apart from club websites, soccer tournaments

Fed Ex Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Fed Ex - Case Study Example The key to the success of these policies is that FedEx focuses upon qualities such as speed, teamwork, and precision to expand the company’s global appeal. FedEx management encourages innovative thoughts from its everyday employees because it understands the value that they have to offer. This shows how FedEx is such a good example of management who lead their staff in the right way. FedEx also understands the importance of rewarding employees so that their motivation levels will stay high. This is a sign of good leadership because it rewards good behavior through extra incentives. Some of FedEx’s rewards and recognitions programs are the Humanitarian Award, Five Star Award, and the HR Award of Excellence. Instead of being a reactionary company, FedEx is a proactive company that is always looking for ways to improve working conditions for its employees. This is probably why FedEx is an industry leader, because it is always coming up with creative ways to motivate staff to perform to the best of their

Supply chain Essay Example for Free

Supply chain Essay INTRODUCTION The operation plays key role in firms because it affects operation managers understand their customers and translate their customers needs into performance objectives. In turn, the performance objectives (and especially the relative importance of each one) influence the overall operations strategy of the business. (Slack et al., 2010,) The reason is that managers can based on performance objectives to do decision because it is reflection of corporation strengths and weaknesses. This essay will describe the Toyota Motor Corporation performance around five-performance objective: quality, speed, dependability, flexibility and cost. Then following discussion of how Toyota uses techniques in operation management to achieve the five objectives. Based on analysis, some suggestions for this firm will shows in the conclusion. FIVE PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES IN TOYOTA As most successful car manufacturer in the world, Toyota is a few automobile companies that able to be stockless production system by its unique operational management systems, the most famous Toyota Production System (TPS) and Just-In-Time (JIT). Further, in terms of five performance objectives, which Toyota did quite well in the overall circumstances, especially in the cost, speed and flexibility areas. Toyota cooperation was chosen to analysis because its significant performances and great operations management. Organizations can respond to the performance objectives, but the real challenge is to offer better quality, speed, dependability and flexibility at lower costs than the competition. (Slack et al., 2007) Also, the aim and objective of Toyota is making low-cost, high-efficiency, high-quality production to maximize customer satisfaction and keeping strong competitiveness. (Toyota, 2011) QUALITY Quality can be defined as specification of a product or service, also meaning high specification and must satisfy your customers by providing  error-free goods and services, which are fit for their purpose. (Pycraft, 2000) The external affect of good quality within in operations is that the customers without (or less) complain leading to customers more likely to consume again because the customer feel has received real value for money. This brings in more revenue for the company. For internal influence, conformance quality is high that generally means that cost is saved, dependability increases and speed of response increases. If an operation is continually correcting mistakes, it finds it difficult to respond quickly to customers requests. (Slack et al., 2010) SPEED Speed indicates the time between the beginning of an operation process and its end. (Greasley, 2010) More specific, that means the elapsed time between a customer asking for a product or service and getting it with a satisfactory condition. (Slack et al., 2010) Externally affect of speed is important because it helps to respond quickly to customers and resulting customers return with more business. The internal side have much to do with cost reduction. Usually, faster throughput of information (or customers) will mean reduced costs via reduces the need to manage transformed resources as they pass through the operation and helps to overcome internal problems by maintaining dependability. DEPENDABILITY In terms of dependability, is usually means being on time, in other words, keeping delivery promised to the customer that receive their products or services on time. (Slack et al., 2010) Also, dependability is other half of total delivery performance along with delivery speed and always linked in some way. In externally influence, dependability as good thing for customers also enhances the company product or service in the market, or at least avoids customer complaints. Internally dependability has affect on cost via saving time, saving money directly and giving an organisation the stability that allows it to improve its efficiencies. Moreover, it prevents late delivery slowing down throughput speed. FLEXIBILITY Flexibility always means being able to change the operation in some way, vary or adapt the operations activity to cope with unexpected circumstance or to meet customer requirements gives a flexibility advantage to customers. (Slack et al., 2010) Flexibility has several specific types: Product or service flexibility; Mix flexibility; Volume flexibility and Delivery flexibility. For external affect, the different types of flexibility allow an operation to fit its products and services to its customers in some way, such as produce wide range and frequent new products or services. On other hand, Volume and delivery flexibility adjust its output levels and its delivery procedures in order to cope with unexpected changes. The internal influence is speeds up response, saves time (money) and helps maintain dependability. COST Produce goods and services at a cost, which enables them to be priced appropriately for the market while still allowing for a return to the organization. (Slack et al., 2010) not surprisingly, low cost is a universally attractive objective because lower cost means higher revenue and more competitiveness. If managed properly, high quality, high speed, high dependability and high flexibility can not only bring their own external rewards, they can also save the operation cost.(Greasley, 2010) FIGURE 1: INTEGRATION IN FIVE PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES Reference: Slack el at, 2010. Chapter 2: _The strategic role and objectives of operations_, Operations management. From figure 1 and unique Toyota Production System, which shows the company five-performance objectives irrelative significantly with each other. As Toyotas mainstay, quality is the most emphasize element of this company. According to the relevant survey institutions that indicates Toyotas  vehicles consistently rank near the top in third-party customer-satisfaction. (Toyota, 2012) Excellent quality of Toyota not only prevents errors slowing down throughput speed, also avoid wasted time and effort, therefore saving cost. For instance, if there occurs many non-value-added activities that mean the company need use time, money and human resource to solve it and increase cost. Also, if quality is not qualified in the produce process then rework will drag on production speed. According to survey data from relevant agencies, the three giants in US, General Motors, Ford, Chrysler, parts procurement costs higher than Toyota 8%. Alternatively, Just-in-Time (JIT) stockless production system is extremely increasing Toyota productivity, which means the speed of production is fast. High speed helps Toyota maintaining dependability via zero (less) inventories because the company can respond to the market quickly. Toyota is a dependable company resulting by TPS (Toyota production system) with multi skilled worker that work as a team, and with control has allowed them to deliver products as promised. On the other hand, be more dependability can increase speed without late delivery and saving cost. In addition, For Toyota plant, flexibility means the ability to produce new products and offer wide range volume. During these years, Toyota has provided a wide range of options cars, such as SUV (Prado, RAV4), hybrid fuel (Prius,Yaris Hybrid) , commercial vehicle, sports car(GT86) and bus et al, also to meet environment and economic changes, Toyota was the earliest car maker to introduce hybrid fuel cars, with the commencement of Prius model. The high flexibility leading to Toyota brings frequent new products to the market to gain more competitiveness. Moreover, the speed from JIT system makes Toyota more flexibility in volume. TECHNICS IN TOYOTA Currently, the main competition between enterprises is from supply chain. The world famous TPS strategic management is also created by Toyota. It is called a variety of small amount of production of the unique market demand in Japan. From mass production of the highly formative changed to be a variety of small amount of production, to completely eliminate waste, improve production efficiency and cost competitive. For example, to increase  production, one person can do kinds of multi-skilled jobs (Kawada Makoto, 1993) Figure 2: TPS Structure JIT JIDOHKA According to Figure 2 indicates that TPS is comprised of two pillars, JIT and Jidoka (automation). Bicheno (1991) states that JIT aims to meet demand instantaneously, with perfect quality and no waste. Three key issues identified by Harrison (1992) as the core of JIT philosophy are: eliminate waste, involve everyone and continuous improvement (Kaizen). JIT approach, through rational design for make the product easy to produce and easy assembly. Essentially, just in time manufacturing consists of allowing the entire production process to be regulated by the natural laws of supply and demand. Customer demand stimulates production of a vehicle. In turn the production of the vehicle stimulates production and delivery of the necessary parts and so on. The result is that the right parts and materials are manufactured and provided in the exact amount needed. Under just in time the ultimate arbiter is always the customer. This is because activity in the system only occurs in response to customer orders. In order to support its JIT system, Toyota needs to ensure that the supplier in accordance with the cost, quality and timeliness, with on time delivery and production, stringent quality control system to help Toyota to reduce inventory, also minimize scrap production, and reduce non-value-added operations to increase quality, save cost and respond market immediately by decrease lead time. It also played an important role to ensure working capital is fully available that make the company be more flexibility to explore new production. (Kawada Makoto, 2004) Moreover, JIT emphasis on total preventative management (TPM), developed by total quality management (TQM). Toyota insists to regular maintenance activities, periodic inspection to equipment to avoid breakdowns and preventative repairs. Attention to the detection and control of each process, ensure found quality problems in a timely manner, immediately stop  produce until resolved. On other hand, TPM encourage all employees involved and use their knowledge to improve performance. (Greasley, 2010) In Japanese jidoka simply means automation. At Toyota it means automation with a human touch. The most visible manifestation of automation with a human touch is using andon cord situated in the line to intervene any abnormalities occur. KANBAN One system for implementing a pull system called a kanban production system. (Greasley, 2009) Kanban is the core in the JIT and it does not work without Kanban manage method. A kanban is simply a message. For example, in the assembly shop this message takes the form of a card attached to every component that is removed and returned when the component is used. The return of the kanban to its source stimulates the automatic re-ordering of the component in question. This system permits greater control over production as well as inventory via efficiency maximum. In Toyota process of produce, kanban is intended to convey information: what is needed when it is needed, and in the amount needed!(Lowson, 2002) The accurate number of parts allocation to avoid waste in the production process, thereby improving the manufacturing speed. KAIZEN / CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT Kaizen is the heart of the Toyota Production System. The day-to-day improvements that Members and their Team Leaders make to their working practices and equipment are known as kaizen. This is simply common sense since it is clear that inherent inefficiencies or problems in any procedure will always be most apparent to those closest to the process. The sense of continuous improvement also can influence Toyota performance, such as quality directly. (Iyer, 2009) Overall, TPS use JIT to eliminate inventory and develop close relationships with suppliers, eliminate all but value-added activities, reduce the number of job classes and build worker flexibility, apply Total Productive  Maintenance (TPM) to increase productivity and ensure quality, thereby obtain faster produce speed and improve productions; avoid waste time and resource to reduce cost; Regards to integration of these five performance objectives, faster speed and low cost resulting to Toyota becoming more dependability and have enough capital to be flexibility. When a company can respond the customer required immediately that means it could be depend. Refers to the flexibility, when Toyota have large amount capital then the firm could use on the production innovation to explore more cars types to offer the market and develop cars capability to increase quality of productions. (Greasley, 2010) CONCLUSION In conclude, Toyota has good performances on speed and quality, thereby promoting the dependability to the customer, also this firm did great on the flexibility because Toyota keep introducing new types of car. The interrelationship between these performances takes a significant benefit for save cost, for instance, faster speed means efficiency to save time and labor source to avoid waste. Although Toyota is extremely successful carmaker, but the recall events in 2009 caused great impacts for it. The reason is the company eagers to rapid expand to the market, the quality of management and personnel training has not been followed up, and then resulting series of parts defects. Moreover, in terms of excessive cost cutting, cause quality of components cannot guarantee. There have four suggestions for Toyota to developing performance: Firstly, Toyota in order to reduce expenditure in research and development via using general parts and components, but the manager have not realize technical innovation is the most important mean to reduce the cost of doing business, promote new products, the company should focus on technology innovation to be more efficiency and flexibility. Secondly, Toyota enterprises should pay more attention on After-sales service, the cost of these services is much lower than the recall and increase the sense of dependability to Toyota, such as Toyota car examination and driving lessons for free. Thirdly, Toyota need to strengthen the staff training to avoid the quality defects occurs in  the process of produce line. Thus, not only can ensure the cars quality and save cost without deal with the consequence from employees non-value-added activities. Finally, the company should increase more quality testing sections to examine new productions repeatedly. In general, the speed of produce car is quick resulting the production line easily ignore the nature of Toyota quality. Increase the quality inspection to insure Toyota manufacture superior products, which enhance the company production quality and dependability. As we known, quality is everything, if the company to seek a long term development then should be offer good products, not just focus on how to save cost thereby supply defective to the customer. REFERENCE: Iyer, A., 2009. _Toyota Supply Chain Management: A Strategic Approach to Toyotas Renowned System_.pp.95-99 Harrison,A. ,1992. Philosophy and core techniques, TIME†¬: Greasley, A., 2010. Lean Operations and JIT, _OPERATIONS MANAGEMTN_ pp. 348-365 T. Gabriel, J. Bicheno, J.E. Galletly, (1991) JIT Manufacturing Simulation, Industrial Management Data Systems, Vol. 91 Iss: 4, pp.3 7 Kawada Makoto.1993. _Why And How, Management Accounting_, Strategic Management Accounting Kawada Makoto.2004. Toyota System And Management Accounting. Publish: Central Economic, China. Lowson, R., 2002. Lean production and just-in-time, Strategic Operations Management. PP.457 Pycraft, M., 2000. _OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT_, pp. 48. Slack N., Chambers, S., Johnston, R., 2010. _OPERATIONS_ _MANAGEMENT._ Slack, N., 2007. _OPERATIONS, STRATEGY AND OPERATIONS STRATEGY,_ pp.24 Toyota, 2011. _Toyota Global Vision Mission Statement Announced._ Available at: Toyota, 2012. _Global sustainability reports_ [pdf] Available at:

Human Resources Planning In Organizations

Human Resources Planning In Organizations InTroduction Planning is very important to our everyday activities. Several definitions have been given by different writers what planning is all about and its importance to achieving our objectives. It is amazing that this important part of HR is mostly ignored in HR in most organizations because those at the top do not know the value of HR planning. Organizations that do not plan for the future have less opportunities to survive the competition ahead. This article will discuss the importance of HR planning; the six steps of HR planning that is : Forecasting; inventory, audit, HR Resource Plan; Actioning of Plan; Monitoring and Control. Definition of HR Planning Quoting Mondy et (1996) they define it as a systematic analysis of HR needs in order to ensure that correct number of employees with the necessary skills are available when they are required. When we prepare our planning programme, Practitioners should bear in mind that their staff members have their objective they need to achieve. This is the reason why employees seek employment. Neglecting these needs would result in poor motivation that may lead to unnecessary poor performance and even Industrial actions. Importance of Planning Planning is not as easy as one might think because it requires a concerted effort to come out with a programme that would easy your work. Commencing is complicated, but once you start and finish it you have a smile because everything moves smoothly. Planning is a process that have to be commenced form somewhere and completed for a purpose. It involves gathering information that would enable managers and supervisors make sound decisions. The information obtained is also utilized to make better actions for achieving the objectives of the Organization. There are many factors that you have to look into when deciding for an HR Planning programme. HR Planning involves gathering of information, making objectives, and making decisions to enable the organization achieve its objectives. Surprisingly, this aspect of HR is one of the most neglected in the HR field. When HR Planning is applied properly in the field of HR Management, it would assist to address the following questions: How many staff does the Organization have? What type of employees as far as skills and abilities does the Company have? How should the Organization best utilize the available resources? How can the Company keep its employees? HR planning makes the organization move and succeed in the 21st Century that we are in. Human Resources Practitioners who prepare the HR Planning programme would assist the Organization to manage its staff strategically. The programme assist to direct the actions of HR department. The programme does not assist the Organization only, but it will also facilitate the career planning of the employees and assist them to achieve the objectives as well. This augment motivation and the Organization would become a good place to work. HR Planning forms an important part of Management information system. HR have an enormous task keeping pace with the all the changes and ensuring that the right people are available to the Organization at the right time. It is changes to the composition of the workforce that force managers to pay attention to HR planning. The changes in composition of workforce not only influence the appointment of staff, but also the methods of selection, training, compensation and motivation. It becomes very critical when Organizations merge, plants are relocated, and activities are scaled down due to financial problems. Inadequacy of HR Planning Poor HR Planning and lack of it in the Organization may result in huge costs and financial looses. It may result in staff posts taking long to be filled. This augment costs and hampers effective work performance because employees are requested to work unnecessary overtime and may not put more effort due to fatigue. If given more work this may stretch them beyond their limit and may cause unnecessary disruptions to the production of the Organization. Employees are put on a disadvantage because their live programmes are disrupted and they are not given the chance to plan for their career development. The most important reason why HR Planning should be managed and implemented is the costs involved. Because costs forms an important part of the Organizations budget, workforce Planning enable the Organization to provide HR provision costs. When there is staff shortage, the organization should not just appoint discriminately, because of the costs implications of the other options, such as training and transferring of staff, have to be considered. Steps in HR Planning Forecasting HR Planning requires that we gather data on the Organizational goals objectives. One should understand where the Organization wants to go and how it wants to get to that point. The needs of the employees are derived from the corporate objectives of the Organization. They stern from shorter and medium term objectives and their conversion into action budgets (eg) establishing a new branch in New Dehli by January 2006 and staff it with a Branch Manager (6,000 USD, Secretary 1,550 USD, and two clerical staff 800 USD per month. Therefore, the HR Plan should have a mechanism to express planned Company strategies into planned results and budgets so that these can be converted in terms of numbers and skills required. Inventory After knowing what human resources are required in the Organization, the next step is to take stock of the current employees in the Organization. The HR inventory should not only relate to data concerning numbers, ages, and locations, but also an analysis of individuals and skills. Skills inventory provides valid information on professional and technical skills and other qualifications provided in the firm. It reveals what skills are immediately available when compared to the forecasted HR requirements. Audit We do not live in a static World and our HR resources can transform dramatically. HR inventory calls for collection of data, the HR audit requires systematic examination and analysis of this data. The Audit looks at what had occured in the past and at present in terms of labor turn over, age and sex groupings, training costs and absence. Based on this information, one can then be able to predict what will happen to HR in the future in the Organization. HR Resource Plan Here we look at career Planning and HR plans. People are the greatest asserts in any Organization. The Organization is at liberty to develop its staff at full pace in the way ideally suited to their individual capacities. The main reason is that the Organizations objectives should be aligned as near as possible, or matched, in order to give optimum scope for the developing potential of its employees. Therefore, career planning may also be referred to as HR Planning or succession planning. The questions that should concern us are: Are we making use of the available talent we have in the Organization, and have we an enough provision for the future? Are employees satisfied with our care of their growth in terms of advancing their career? Assignment of individuals to planned future posts enable the administration to ensure that these individuals may be suitably prepared in advance. Actioning of Plan There are three fundamentals necessary for this first step. Know where you are going. There must be acceptance and backing from top management for the planning. There must be knowledge of the available resources (i.e) financial, physical and human (Management and technical). Once in action, the HR Plans become Corporate plans. Having been made and concurred with top management, the plans become a part of the companys long-range plan. Failure to achieve the HR Plans due to cost, or lack of knowledge, may be a serious constraints on the long-range plan. Below is an illustration of how HR Plan is linked to corporate Plan. The link between HR Plan and Strategic Management STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT -> HR PLANNING Æ’Â   STRATEGIC PLAN Organizational goals Values Organizational goals Strong and weak parts Mission Strong weak points Opportunities and threats Goals and Priorities Opportunities threats Sources of Competitive advantage Resource Allocations Source of Competitive advantage Identify People related matters Define HR strategies, Implement Hr Processes Goals plans Policy Practices HUMAN RESOURCES PLANNING Bohlander et as (2001) Monitoring and Control. This is the last stage of HR planning in the Organization. Once the programme has been accepted and implementation launched, it has to be controlled. HR department has to make a follow up to see what is happening in terms of the available resources. The idea is to make sure that we make use of all the available talents that are at our disposal failure of which we continue to struggle to get to the top. Do you have an HR Plan in action? Let us all check where we are working and see whether there is really a Human Resource Plan. If its not available, let use try to develop one and you would see how you will make a difference. It is quite true that HR plan is the basis of Human Resources Management. If we do not know how to develop it, then we are not doing an services to our Organizations and our impact will not be felt in the management pool. Human resource planning has traditionally been used by organizations to ensure that the right person is in the right job at the right time. Under past conditions of relative environmental certainty and stability, human resource planning focused on the short term and was dictated largely by line management concerns. Increasing environmental instability, demographic shifts, changes in technology, and heightened international competition are changing the need for and the nature of human resource planning in leading organizations. Planning is increasingly the product of the interaction between line management and planners. In addition, organizations are realizing that in order to adequately address human resource concerns, they must develop long-term as well as shortterm solutions. As human resource planners involve themselves in more programs to serve the needs of the business, and even influence the direction of the business, they face new and increased responsibilities and challenges. In an early treatment of the topic, Vetter (1967) defined human resource planning as the process by which management determines how the organization should move from its current manpower position to its desired position. Through planning, management strives to have the right number and the right kinds of people, at the right places, at the right time, doing things which result in both the organization and the individual receiving maximum long-run benefits. (p. 15) Contemporary human resource planning occurs within the broad context of organizational and strategic business planning. It involves forecasting the organizations future human resource needs and planning for how those needs will be met. It includes establishing objectives and then developing and implementing programs (staffing, appraising, compensating, and training) to ensure that people are available with the appropriate characteristics and skills when and where the organization needs them. It may also involve developing and implementing programs to improve employee performance or to increase employee satisfaction and involvement in order to boost organizational productivity, quality, or innovation (Mills, 1 985b). Finally, human resource planning includes gathering data that can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of ongoing programs and inform planners when revisions i n their forecasts and programs are needed. Because a major objective of planning is facilitating February 1990 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ American Psychologist Copyright 1990 by the American Psychological Association, Inc. 0003.066X/90/$00.75 Vol. 45, No. 2, 223-239 Human Resource Planning Challenges for Industrial/Organizational Psychologists Susan E. Jackson and Randall S. Schuler New York University an organizations effectiveness, it must be integrated with the organizations short-term and longer term business objectives and plans. Increasingly this is being done in leading organizations, although in the past business needs usually defined personnel needs and human resource planning, which meant that planning became a reactive process. The reactive nature of the process went handin-hand with a short-term orientation. Now, major changes in business, economic, and social environments are creating uncertainties that are forcing organizations to integrate business planning with human resource planning and to adopt a longer term perspective. For example, according to Kathryn Connors, vice president of human resources at Liz Claiborne, Human resources is part of the strategic (business) planning process. Its part of policy development, line extension planning and the merger and acquisition processes. Little is done-in the company that doesnt involve us in the planning, policy or finalization stages of any deal. (cited in Lawrence, 1989, p. 70) John OBrien, vice president of human resources at Digital Equipment Corporation, describes an integrated linkage between business and human resource plans as one by which human resource and line managers work jointly to develop business plans and determine human resource needs, analyze the work force profile in terms of future business strategies, review emerging human resource issues, and develop programs to address the issues and support the business plans. According to OBrien, such joint efforts occur when human resource planners convince corporate business planners that human resources HRM is the legal liason between the organization and the employees,they are to uphold the employment and safety laws (osha, and civil rights act) as well as follow the practices, which may differ within federal guidelines, that the employer authorizes. Corporations are always searching for better ways to produce goods and services. When new technological developments give some organizations a competitive advantage, their rivals try to catch up by adopting and improving on the new technologies. Ford has put many of Toyotas technical advances to work in its own plants, and General Motors has spent over $50 billion in the last decade to modernize its production facilities to develop skills in flexible manufacturing. A large part of this growth is the Human Resources department of these companies, who are responsible for hiring the people with the knowledge to bring new technology into a company. To be successful in the automotive market, these companies needs a highly skilled, flexible and committed work force, a flexible and innovative management, the ability to retain developed talent, and a strong partnership between management and labor unions. To achieve these goals, the company needs a talented HR department. Besides hiring the right people to manage and perform specific jobs, HR managers have to build up commitment and loyalty among the workforce by keeping them up to date about company plans, and laying out the implications for job security and working conditions. Such was the case when I worked at Velco. From the interview process to my exit interview at the end of the summer, the HR department was every employees main connection between the production floor and the upper management. The HR department kept us informed via bi-weekly meetings, a company newsletter, and bulletin-board postings throughout the plant. Whenever a question arose, instead of asking middle-management, an employee could go straight to the HR rep they were assigned to. From my experiences, it seemed like the HR reps knew everything there was to know about the company and how it is run. And I found that to be a very valuable asset. I imagine the same takes place at large corporations around the world, be it Velcro or General Motors. The backbone of any successful company is the HR department, and without a talented group of people to hire, culture, and inform employees, the company is doomed for failure.

Spanning Two Decade?s:The 50?s to the 60?s Essay -- essays research pa

Spanning Two Decade’s: The 50’s to the 60’s Similar? Or Distinctly different? â€Å"The postwar years are remembered as a time of affluence, consumerism, conformity, and stability, a time when American enjoyed an optimistic faith in progress and technology.†(Heretta, pg.779) These words best describe the decade that Americas experienced in the 1950’s. It was age of dad’s always-right attitude and a culture that was family centered. The standard of living for American’s was the best in the world. The times just looked to perfect lives were lived to privately. This private enjoyment was centered on the family, leisure, and consumerism. Soon everyone tried to become to â€Å"Leave it to Beaver† type of family and culture exploded. The explosion is what everyone considers to be the 1960’s. Kids that grew up in the fifties were becoming teenagers. The pressures from their parents turned the sixties generation onto conceptual thoughts and radical behavior. This affected the ideals of politics, racial/gender discrimination, a nd family values. The differences between the fifties and the sixties are extremely evident but you must closely sort through the decade to find the definite similarities. The similarities and differences come in many political values, and behaviors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What does the word â€Å"consensus† refers to? â€Å"It is the conformity to social norms, authority, and the status quo.† (Henretta, pg. 790) It best refers to the decade of the 1950’s, where families were attempting to escape into â€Å"old home grown† households, away from the Red Scare, and out of the corporate jungle. To do this, these families flocked to the suburban area. Early in the fifties a massive â€Å"Baby Boom† occurred. With the high birth rate the need for churches caused the ideas affluence, consumption and conformity to swell in importance. With the war in the past, the fifties generation looked towards the church. Families started to make Sundays a priority in their lives. â€Å"Church membership rose from 49 percent of the population in 1940 to 69 percent in 1960†(Henretta,792). All denominations from Catholics to Jews rose in membership. Even separation between church and state became less define when in 1956 they added â€Å"In God We Trust† to coins and â€Å"Under God† in the pledge of allegiance. One of the major use of religion was not only to reach savior but also to help deal with th... ...onfidence. From Washington's perspective, the principal threat to U.S. security and world peace was monolithic, dictatorial communism emanating from the Soviet Union. Any communist, at home or abroad, was, by definition, and enemy of the United States. Drawing an analogy with the unsuccessful appeasement of fascist dictators before World War II, the Truman administration believed that the United States and its allies must meet any sign of communist aggression quickly and forcefully. This reactive policy was known as containment. The idea of containment was very similar to the McCarthyism.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The fifties and sixties signified two decades of affluence, consumerism, and conformity while wading through the changing of society . Teenage counter-culture, religion, politics, communism, and social views became pivotal views of expression during this time. You must observe all these assets to draw a valid conclusion of your own, but to collected facts that have been presented have graciously swayed one way. The difference between is the fifties and the sixties are extremely evident, but you must closely sort through the decade to find the definite similarities.

walden two Essay -- essays research papers

Walden Two   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In B.F. Skinner’s Walden Two, Skinner presents many positive changes to society in his utopia, such as: division of labor, encouragement of perusing your own interests in education, and absolute equality.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Walden Two, a member is paid in credits that are required by the society. Each person earns a certain amount of credits per hour for every job they do. Everyone is expected to work to receive 4-6 credits for one day. The amount of credits-per-hour depends on the job. A more physically demanding or unpleasant job would receive more points then something less taxing. This is an effective way or contracting society because it has people work enough to get the necessary work done to drive the society without overworking and tapping out the worker. When Castle and Frazier discuss whether a community can survive on such little work, we understand that the people who are working are working with intent and without distractions and not under distracting supervision. It is also useful because it allows people to choose how to spend their time. If they would like to get their work down quickly by doing a more challenging job, that is their choice and they are not being m ade to do so. This also allows people to freely move around with jobs. They are not locked into one job for the rest of their life. If they do not like it, they can sign up for a new job tomorrow. This allows you to pursue your interests wit...

Review of Peter the Panderer

In this fictitious political speech I identified arguments and non-arguments, facts and non-facts, statements that are subjective and statements that are relativist. The fifth paragraph shows an argument. There are a series of statements that support the final claim that â€Å"†¦our community endured the same hard times. † The supporting statements start with Peter’s father being laid off at the Steel Mill, then their family not having enough money for school, and finally the football season being canceled due to low funding.In the fourth paragraph I found the non-argument. The writer of the article, Peter, says that Jon wants you to â€Å"fear losing your job†, â€Å"experience hard times† and that he â€Å"wants to destroy America. † Peter does not explain how Jon is going to get us to be afraid, make us experience hard times, or how he is going to destroy America. There are no explanations that support the writer’s claims and thus tha t makes this paragraph a non-argument. A factual issue can be answered by an objective test. A non-factual issue cannot be proven by experiment.I found the following statements to be fact; paragraph two, â€Å"Wall Street journal recently reported that unemployment has risen 4 percent†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Also in paragraph two, â€Å"In 2009, he signed an executive order†¦Ã¢â‚¬  In paragraph three, a factory worker was laid off in Michigan. In paragraph four, â€Å"The average American family now earns 5,000 dollars less per year†¦Ã¢â‚¬  In paragraph five, â€Å"Our high school football season was cancelled due to lack of funding. † I believe all of these statements can be proven to be true or false and so then are considered to be fact.The next set of statements I found to be non-facts; in paragraph one, â€Å"We are at a turning point in our history†¦Ã¢â‚¬  In paragraph two, â€Å"†¦America is the greatest country on Earth†¦Ã¢â‚¬  And in paragraph five, â€Å"All of us felt that outsourcing was unethical†¦Ã¢â‚¬  All of these statements are a matter of the writer’s values, opinions and beliefs; they cannot be proven and therefore are considered non-facts. A subjective statement is found in the first paragraph, â€Å"My economic plan will create jobs and put money in your pocket. † This statement plays off of people’s feelings.Who wouldn’t want more jobs or more money? However, this information cannot be counted or measured. Peter uses this as a positive statement which he hopes would make people feel good and thus hopefully vote for him. A relativist statement is found in the fifth paragraph, â€Å"All of us felt that outsourcing was unethical because without work in the local factory, none of us would be able to eat. † Peter was making this statement based on his cultured experiences. From his viewpoint he perceived that this situation was unethical.

Rene Descartes

Rene Descartes Rene Descartes was a brilliant man. His works on philosophy, physics and mathematics are still heavily influenced much to all of these studies today in our modern world. Descartes was born in March 31, 1596 in La Haye, France; he was named after one of his godfathers, Rene Bruchard des Funtaines. Descartes parents were Joachim and Jeanne Descartes, he also had one brother and one sister and two half siblings. Growing up Descartes had health issues â€Å"infirmity of the lungs, (Rene Descartes). When he was enrolled in school around eight years of age at Jesuit college La Fleche in Anjou he had permission to wake up at eleven in the morning instead of earlier like all the other school kids, in regards to his fragile health. Descartes kept this daily routine for almost the rest of his life he believed that, â€Å"the only way to good work in mathematics and to preserve his health was never to allow anyone to make him get up in the morning before he felt inclined to do so; an opinion which I chronicle for the benefit of any schoolboy into whose hands this work may fall, (A Short Account of the History of Mathematics’). Descartes left school at around 1912 and they began to study law at Poiters, and graduated with honors for his degree and license in law, although he didn’t pursue a law degree. In 1617 Descartes chose to join the army rather than the church; He served in the army of Prince Maurice of Orange and then Breda. He was more of a mercenary for the Catholics and Protestants. One day in late fall of 1618, Descartes was walking around and saw a Dutch placard, which spiked his curiosity; and by luck the person he stopped was Isaac Beckman.Beckman was a highly educated Dutch philosopher; he translated for Descartes in return if Descartes would work out the problem. After a couple of hours passed, intrigued by Descartes, Beckman â€Å"sparked his interest in mathematics and the New Physics, he concluded that his real path in life was the pursuit of true wisdom and science, (17th Century Mathematics-Descartes). † During his leisure time in the army, Descartes studied mathematics; in November 10th-11th, 1619 he had a series of dreams that he believed is one or the most important days of his life.The visions he had were his first ideas of new philosophy and his works of analytical geometry. He continued to serve in the army under his family traditions and influence and was persuaded to volunteer under Count de Bucquoy in the army of Bavaria, and then he resigned his commission in 1621. Descartes traveled throughout parts of Europe for a couple of years still purely giving himself to mathematics in 1628 while residing in France he met Cardinal de Berulle, the founders of the Oratorians. Berulle loved his conversation with Descartes, â€Å"and he encouraged Descartes to devote his life to the study of truth, (Rene Descartes-Biography). For the nest twenty years Descartes lived in seclusion in Holland and made regular trips to France. In the course of time Descartes wrote a piece of his collections, â€Å"Le Monde†, he didn’t want it to be published in that time; because the Catholic church had burnt all of Galileo’s Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems (1632) and him in house arrest. Descartes had lived in fear the same thing could happen to him if he didn’t correspond with the rules. Yet he was book â€Å"Le Monde† was published many years later.Despite not being able to release that book, he did write another book in 1633 and was published in 1937. â€Å"In 1637 Descartes published Optics, Meteorology, and Geometry, a collection of essays. The preface to the collection is titled Discourse on the Method of Rightly Conducting the Reason and Seeking the Truth in the Sciences, (Rene Descartes-Biography). † â€Å"La Geometrie† is what his contribution to mathematics is still used till this day. Before his discovery mathematici ans used capital letters (A,B,C) for known quantities in algebraic notation and unknown quantities were lower case letters (a,b,c).In the â€Å"La Geometrie† he gave his ideas and instead of using capital and lower cases letters, he shifted it to just (a,b,c) as know quantities and (x,y,z) for unknown. In that time he also in verbal expression of exponents such as â€Å"square, cube at etc†, he replaced it with numeral superscripts. Descartes argued that, For the square of a magnitude did not differ from it in kind, as a geometrical square differs from a line, rather, the square the cube and all powers differed from the base quantity only in the number of â€Å"relations† separating them respectively from a common unit quantity.That is since: 1: x=x; x2 =x2: x3=†¦ (Descartes: Mathematics and Physics) Descartes â€Å"rule of signs† a law given for determining whether the number of positive or negative real roots of polynomials â€Å"Descartes’ â€Å"rule of signs† does not give the solution of a polynomial equation, but it does give information on the number of positive and negative roots of the polynomial, (17th Century Mathematics-Descartes). † He also proposed in â€Å"La Geometrie† that each point in a two dimension form can have two numbers on a plane, giving a horizontal and vertical locations; which is known as Cartesian coordinates. He used perpendicular lines (or axes) crossing at a point called the origin, to measure the horizontal (x) and vertical (y) locations, both positive and negative, thus effectively diving the plane into four quadrants, (17th Century Mathematics-Descartes). † With the Cartesian Coordinates, Descartes showed that the x and y axis supported simple equations of straight lines, to more complex coordinates of equations with different exponents. For example y=x2+4 is a curve parabola. Descartes was more famously known as a philosopher giving his two sense in things a nd pursuing to uphold the truth.He continued to keep adding to his collections of writing Meditations, Principia Philosophiae and others. In 1649, Queen Christina of Sweden invited Descartes to live in Stockholm to tutor her in philosophy and she insisted in working with him at 5 in the morning; which he was used. The early hours and the harsh weather affected his health and he died of pneumonia in early 1650. Besides his great deal of being dubbed â€Å"the father of modern day philosophy† Descartes math contributions are value of us today.His idea of the Cartesian coordinate is in our mathematical calculators and the coordinates are what we use in math in almost all grade levels. Without Descartes influence exponents wouldn’t have been as simple, and also being able to determine positive and negative real roots. Descartes believed everything can be related to math and that there was always an answer, even if it was imaginary numbers too. His contributions in all area s of studies helped shaped the modern studies. Rene Descartes was a brilliant man indeed. Works CitedBall, W. W Rouse. ‘ A Short Account of the HIstory of Mathematics' (4th edition). 1908. Biography, Complete Dictionary of Scientific. Descartes: Mathemtics and Physics. 2008. December 2012 . Rodis-Lewis, Genevieve. â€Å"Descartes' lofe and the development of his philosophy. † Cottingham, John. The Cambridge Companion to Descartes. 1992. p 21-58. School, The European Graduate. Rene Descartes-Biography. . Unknown. 17 Century Mathematics-Descartes.

Jurisprudence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

Jurisprudence - Essay Example The people affected in the new legislations include ethnic minority groups which in turn undermines civil liberties and the basic human rights of the individuals involved. In 2000, counter terror laws were passed which had serious drawbacks in relation to human rights. Some of the laws passed included indefinite detention without fair trial of any foreign nationals who by any reason were considered to have an involvement in terror activities. Another one included up to sixteen hours of house arrest without charge to individuals who the security organs considered a threat as far as terrorism was considered. Pre-charge detention which was passed into law at that time also allowed a fourteen day detention of individuals in terrorism cases which compared to any law was the longest in detention of individuals before trial. The Terrorism Act 2000 had many contentious sections especially the one which was later repealed that allowed stop and search on individuals without suspecting them. The laws set were found to be infringing on the rights of peaceful protestors and ethnic minority groups which should be allowed to hold their demonstrations in peace. The definition of terrorism in counter terror laws which includes individuals with religious, racial, or political cause that may be viewed as having or causing individuals to become radicals. For instance, the Islamic religion has been related to terror activities due to the involvement of some individuals found to be Muslims in terror activities. In countering terrorism, the speeches made by individuals that are purported to support terrorism were considered to be part of terrorism. This broad definition of terrorism have been found to be wrong since there are no strict measures put in place to categorize a piece of information as supporting terror. This could lead to some people being considered criminals due to the speeches they

Exam paper---read the requirement I send you carefully Essay - 2

Exam paper---read the requirement I send you carefully - Essay Example Explanation will be given how the perfectly competitive firms response due to changes in consumer demand. Another market structure is Monopoly. In monopoly market there is only one seller in the market. The differences between the characteristics of the two markets will be discussed. In this paper, brief explanation will be given for different types of market structure. Main Body Perfect Competition Demand –Supply Equilibrium The equilibrium is a situation where the market demand is equal to the market supply. This means for a particular industry, the market demand will be equal to the market supply. Suppose the Pizza industry is providing the same supply of Pizza as compared to the demand for the product. In case of market equilibrium, there is no pressure for price change because both the consumers and producers are satisfied in this situation. There is neither excess supply in the market nor excess demand in the market (Machovec, 2002, p.19). In the above diagram, the equil ibrium has been shown by the interaction between demand and supply curve. P is the market price and Q is the quantity demanded. Market will produce OQ amount of output and the consumers will demand the same amount of output. So the price will remain same. Due to changes in any of the factors, the entire equilibrium position will get affected. It would result in either excess demand or excess supply. In perfect competition, the firms are price takers. In the short run equilibrium for perfect competition, the price is determined by the demand –supply equilibrium. P1 is the market price and each firm follows the same price. As the price is same for each unit sold the AR curve will be constant and it will be equal to the MR curve. At, MR=MC the firm maximizes its profits. In the following diagram, the profit maximizing output is Q1 and the market price is P1. The firm’s profit is shown by the shaded area. The firm earns supernormal profit because AR is more than AC. Super Normal profit In short run, there are three situations existing in the market. Super Normal Profit: When average revenue is greater than average cost (AR>AC) the firm earns super normal profit. In case of super normal profit, the existing firms earn high profit so the other players will also try to enter into the market. When the new players cut through the competition the firm again starts to earn normal profit (McEachern, 2006, p.43). Normal Profit: When Average Revenue is equal to Average Cost (AR=AC) the firm earns normal profit. Loss: When Average revenue is less than Average Cost (AR

Lab report on deception Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

On deception - Lab Report Example However, the administering of even these scientifically-based tests has come under increasing fire. For example, polygraph results were barred from the trial of a U.S. trial of a federal judge as recently as December of 2008 (Assoicated Press, 2008). If such a scientifically-based device has come under such scrutiny and has been routinely barred from legal proceedings, it begs the question of whether an unaided human can detect deception merely by observing the subject. In their 1996 study, Vrij and Semin examined this question by recruiting not only college students, but also subjects from a variety of fields thought to be trained and experienced in lie detection (police patrol officers, prison guards, customs officials, etc.) as well as those constantly exposed to an environment based on lies and deception (prisoners). It was their hypothesis that law enforcement officials would be better at lie detection than "normal people" such as college students and that the criminals would have superior abilities to those of law enforcement. All of the subjects reported that they considered themselves highly experienced at detecting deception (Vrij & Semin, 1996). Vrij and Semin administered their study through a series of questionnaires administered at the subjects' places or work or incarceration. These questionnaires contained questions ranging over 16 nonverbal cues commonly associated with deception and concluded with the subjects rating themselves on their ability to detect deception in others on a 7-point scale. The results were compiled by group (college student, law enforcement, or criminal) and then analysed for accuracy. As predicted, the criminals exhibited the greatest level of accuracy in correctly identifying nonverbal cues of deception. It was also found that there was not a significant difference between the accuracy rates of law enforcement and college students, indicating that those considering themselves professional lie detectors fell victim to the same misconceptions on nonverbal cues as a lay person (Vrij & Semin, 1996). While Vrij and Semin's study does provide useful data that professional lie detectors have no superior knowledge of deceptive nonverbal cues than the rest of us, it does lack in that none of the subjects were actually tested in their ability to detect deception. This study will address that lack by actually testing whether or not subjects can detect deception through nonverbal cues, particularly by focusing on voice pitch. It is predicted that such attention to nonverbal cues will detect deception at a higher rate than chance and that those observers relying on voice pitch as a deceptive cue will be more accurate than observers relying on other nonverbal cues. Methods A pool of 761 subjects was recruited consisting of 454 females and 307 males who were informed that they would be participating in an undergraduate psychology tutorial study. These subjects ranged in age from 17 to 56 years with a mean age of 19.77 years and a standard deviation of 2.58 years. For this study, each subject was instructed to tell a story to another subject. This narrative could either be true or false and the observer