Oppression and Resistance in Jamaican Reggae and Afro-Brazilian Music A Comparative Study of Race in Music and Culture :: essays papers

Persecution and Resistance in Jamaican Reggae and Afro-Brazilian Music A Comparative Study of Race in Music and Culture Social articulation much of the time fills in as a focal point to the conditions, verifiable and contemporary, of a general public. Film, music, and writing regularly fill in as an augmentation of oral conventions and can furnish us with a brief look into history as well as offer with us the social effect of the past and give us a more noteworthy comprehension of the present. In the nations of Brazil and Jamaica with comparable chronicles of abuse, from servitude, to annihilation, to squashing destitution and fundamental prejudice, it isn't unexpected to see a comparability in the elevated cognizance in their music. Through examination of the chronicles of Brazil and Jamaica, from subjugation to the systematized frameworks of persecution, one can see how such apparently extraordinary melodic conventions regularly share a typical topic, opposition. †¦a great piece of the fascination of reggae music to its metropolitan crowd is the indignation and dissent of the verses. We clearly face a logical inconsistency between the message of urban neediness and dissent which reggae passes on and that of delight and unwinding characteristic in our vacation item. To put it plainly, when we advance reggae music we are advancing a part of Jamaican culture which will undoubtedly cause to notice a portion of the harsher conditions of our lives. - Jamaica Tourist Board Memorandum, October 10, 1975 (Davis and Simon, 1977, p. 1) Jamaican reggae is music of dissent that conveys an irate message of destitution. Audience members overall frequently just appreciate the influencing upbeats and tunes of reggae while giving little idea to the significance of the verses or the ‘harsh circumstances’ that have brought forth the music. So also, the music of Brazil has been ignored. Melodic preferences usually lead to the relationship of unobtrusive rhythms and light, easygoing songs with tasteless music and not significant articulation (Byrne, 1989, p. 2-3). In any case, the music of the two societies caries with them solid conventions of obstruction. The two of them give recognition to their pioneers and mythic figures and work to carry on in their convention of opposition. The Maroon States As opposed to the thirteen provinces which were to turn into the United States of America, which were colonized by pilgrims looking for another life in the West, most of the new world settlements were set up to be money related endeavors dependent on the abuse and exportation of normal assets and the running of gigantic manors.

Young Voter Apathy essays

Youthful Voter Apathy expositions In 1971, the United States passed the twenty-6th amendment, bringing down the national democratic age to eighteen. West Virginia delegate, Jennings Randolph, who contended that any resident mature enough to battle for their nation ought to be permitted the option to cast a ballot, initially presented this change in 1941. In 1959, presently Senator Jennings started reintroducing the revision at each meeting. When reintroduced in 1971 the political air of the nation had changed. At this point it had gotten evident to the more youthful, unheard residents that it was the ideal opportunity for their voices to be heard. In any case, since that time, indifference has created among these more youthful voters on account of three fundamental reasons. During the Vietnam War time, numerous youngsters were drafted into administration for their nation. The most youthful of these men were sent under the heading of an administration that didn't permit them a voice in the picking of those authorities who at last chose their destiny. Today more youthful ages have not seen or felt the impacts of a draft. In this manner, they are not constrained to cast a ballot by the danger of war. The youngsters who got the chance to cast a ballot in the 1972 political race knew the significance of their vote. Notwithstanding, it is those equivalent individuals who are not instructing that significance to the following ages. Numerous guardians frequently disregard governmental issues. They don't want to talk about their very own perspectives. This is additionally over glanced in the homeroom. Secondary school government and civics classes show how the legislature advanced and the capacity of the three branches. Shockingly, there is little accentuation put on the significance of the individual vote, which is leaving quite a bit of todays youth accepting that their vote doesn't make a difference. Presidential applicants and youthful voters are disregarding one another and making a developing age of Americans who dont care about decisions. This is an endless cycle. Up-and-comers gear their promoting toward more established gatherings most lik... <!

Super size me Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Excessively size me - Essay Example Over a 30-day time span, Spurlock further stops all activity schedules to additionally mirror the effect of McDonalds nourishments on human physiology. Outside of the physical impacts, the film shows how the media impacts shoppers to reflect what Spurlock accepts is an unsuitable strategy for forcing Americans to enjoy inexpensive food. Over the span of the film, Spurlock looks at a very long while worth of TV advertisements discharged by McDonalds since the 1970s, so as to portray how the media can pressure the two kids and grown-ups into eating at the inexpensive food chain. These plugs portray fun loving energized characters, who move and sing with the possibility of being taken to McDonalds to enjoy oily food (Sowers, 2006). From a mental viewpoint, Spurlock comes to understand that McDonalds is utilizing visual symbolism, in the quest for animating a pleasurable association between the inexpensive food organization and its menu things. Further, in the film, the notable character, Ronald McDonald, is appeared as a pioneer to kids, participating in pleasurable exercises, for example, network ball and different games. This will in general demonstrate, to a less-advanced individual as far as distinguishing media impacts, that McDonalds is a network disapproved of association and that understood trust ought to be gi ven to the chain as a result of their enchanting representative. Outside of the visual symbolism, Spurlock further calls attention to non-print media endeavors to manufacture a more grounded dedication to McDonalds with the inclusion of signs and flags, everywhere throughout the United States (and discharged by McDonalds), which elevate the need to overly measure dinners. Supersizing includes expanding the food parcels by a noteworthy edge, hence expanding the fat and caloric estimation of the food. Despite the fact that Spurlock is to some degree one-sided in his way to deal with the film, he keeps up a

New and Old Wars Comparison

The contention that there are â€Å"New wars† not at all like more seasoned types of fighting isn't just generalist, yet additionally not bolstered by existing academic and target writing regarding the matter. As indicated by Mary Kaldor, â€Å"New Wars† contrast from more established types of fighting in their objectives, strategies for execution and financing.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on New and Old Wars Comparison explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More I accept, and will show target examination in the ensuing passages, that the main distinction between â€Å"New Wars† and more established sorts of fighting exists in the way of financing; in any case, the objectives and techniques for usage of fighting have continued as before all through the presence of fighting. In Kaldor’s see, the objectives of the â€Å"New Wars† are to increment financial pick up and force character governmental issues â€Å"which is innately selective and tends towards fragmentation† (2006). Personality governmental issues includes a â€Å"claim to control based on a specific identity† (Kaldor, 2006). The inconvenience of character legislative issues in â€Å"New wars† brings about the discontinuity of networks and gigantic resettlement of populaces and exile development (for instance the consequence of destruction), so much that the development of these asylums gets not a result of war, however a focal objective of it. Concerning the techniques for execution of these â€Å"New wars†, Kaldor is of the view that during the most recent many years of the twentieth century, another sort of composed viciousness that fused war, composed savagery, and human rights infringement developed. This incorporates the â€Å"privatization of violence† (Kaldor, 2006) making a situation where the instruments and methods for war are not held by the state yet by War loads, groups of thugs and polic e powers inside a specific state. On the issue of financing these â€Å"New wars†, Kaldor contends that the express no longer assembles funds for the wars, yet †particularly in powerless Third world governments †the battling units money themselves through loot, prisoner taking and the underground market, or autonomously through dealing in people, managing in medications and arms trade.Advertising Looking for article on global relations? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More On this issue, as expressed in the presentation, I agree with Kaldor’s contention that the main contrast between â€Å"New wars† and more seasoned sorts is in the methodology of financing. To counter kaldor’s hypothesis concerning the objectives and usage techniques for the â€Å"New wars†, the primary counter-contention concerns the matter of objectives of the war. Monetary increase has consistently been the fundam ental goal of wars, and is certifiably not a component select to â€Å"New wars†. More examination and investigation of wars in contemporary occasions by â€Å"academics, strategy experts, and politicians† (Newman, 2004, p.180) has served to feature the wars, bringing out further elements of the wars, yet the principle destinations like monetary increase have consistently been available. Indeed, even the contemporary factor of multinationals offering weapons to the warring gatherings fills a similar need †benefitting from war. Besides, Identity governmental issues and wars dependent on dividing the general public along the lines of race, ethnicity, and religion are as old as war itself. The Armenian decimation of World War I and the Holocaust of World War II are prime models. The Rwandan decimation of 1994, an alleged â€Å"New War†, has comparable highlights with the two past destructions, which as indicated by Kaldor, are old kinds of fighting. Taking eve rything into account, I have introduced Kaldor’s â€Å"New Wars† hypothesis, distinguishing its objectives, strategies and financing. I have contended against its objectives and techniques, concentrating on the contention that the two objectives and strategies can be found from the beginning of time in more established types of fighting. Different fierce clashes, from the present and past, have been tended to and an investigation of the Rwandan decimation, the holocaust, and the Armenian annihilation presented. Also, the job of the media and advances in data has been dissected to show that in light of the fact that there is substantially more examination and conversation about wars these days doesn't really make them ‘new’.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on New and Old Wars Comparison explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More References Kaldor, M. (2006). New and Old Wars, second ed. Cambridge: Polity. Newman, E. (2004). The ‘New Wars’ banter: A verifiable point of view is required. Security Dialog vol. 35(2) 173-189. This article on New and Old Wars Comparison was composed and put together by client Hezekiah Burt to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it likewise. You can give your paper here.

Whats wrong with being bored

Jul 22 2016 â€Å"I’m bored!† As parents and educators, those two words can stir either feelings of anxiety (â€Å"How can I keep my child busy and productive?†) or frustration (â€Å"If you're bored, then you’re boring. Go find something to do!†) May I suggest that perhaps a better response is â€Å"Good for you!†? As Andrew and I chatted during our recent Arts of Language podcast, Episodes 51 and 52: Nature Deficit Disorder, he expressed surprise about the need for a month devoted to fighting boredom. We are living in a world where children rarely have the chance to get bored. Is it because they are busy riding bikes and building tree forts? Likely not. According to Pacific Standard Magazine, â€Å"People today spend up to 25% less time outdoors than they did 20 years ago.† So what are they up to? Video games, iPads, and other electronics fill the time of most American children. â€Å"A child is six times more likely to play a video game on a typical day than to ride a bike,† according to surveys by the Kaiser Family Foundation and the CDC. The results of all these video games? â€Å"Videophilia,† which is defined as â€Å"the new human tendency to focus on sedentary activities involving electronic media.† Though perhaps you, like me, were intentional about making time for outdoor activities. Soccer and Little League filled our spring and fall months. But is a plethora of planned activity like this always a good idea? You likely don’t have to go far to see that there can be too much of a good thing. Andrew winds down our conversation with these thoughts: I want to make the argument that boredom might be good, because when you've got nothing to do, you have to learn to be comfortable in your own mind with yourself, and you have to learn to be able to think quietly, appreciate your thoughts, and explore your memories and your dreams. And so perhaps we should have a pro-boredom month, where people will put away all the distractions that prevent them from hearing themselves think. So how can you celebrate this month? Perhaps you can set aside a day or two to spend unstructured time outdoors with your children. They need time to think, daydream, find images in the clouds and rocks, and imagine. If that sounds wonderful to you, then schedule it! And enjoy being bored. Julie Walker, IEW's Marketing Director, was a schoolteacher and homeschool leader for many years. She and her husband, David, provided a home education for their three sons. After their youngest son graduated, she went back to school herself, completing her MBA at Biola University. Although she relocated with IEW from California to Oklahoma, Julie finds many reasons to go west and enjoy the California sunshine. Log in or register to post commentsJulie Walkers blog Log in or register to post comments

The Theory of Thomas Paine Essay - 1100 Words

The Theory of Thomas Paine (Essay Sample) Content: Students NameInstructor's NameThe CourseThe DateThe Theory of Thomas Paine about Human Freedom and the Formation of a New American GovernmentTo the representatives of the radical democratic, legal and political ideologies, the period of the War of Independence (1775-1783) belongs to Thomas Paine. He was the first who raised the issue of separation of the colonies from England and the creation of the independent state of America. This politico-legal concept is described in the pamphlet "Common Sense" (1776). Paine suggested the name of the state that the colonists had to create - "United States of America". This paper analyzes the main provisions of the Thomas Paine of the formation of the new American government and human freedom. The topic is of great interest due to insufficient practical study of these issues. Why is the pamphlet Common Sense essential for the American nation? To answer this question, it is necessary to analyze the political aspects of the formati on of the American government and adoption of the Constitution. In his writings, Paine argues about the historical inevitability of the emergence of the state. The social contract does not establish between the people and the rulers; the society should have a legislator because people's intentions and real actions are not always reasonable and justified. The author proposed a new system of polity: a representative parliamentary republic based on universal suffrage, whose activity was regulated by the Constitution, developed by the Constitutional Assembly. Thomas Paine foresaw danger to the USA, so the government needed to adopt a fixed Constitution. The first hazard is typical of any state in the period of turmoil. Genuine freedom and well-being of citizens depends on the head of the state. Another real danger is that the colony is not capable of defending the territory on its own. Government should unite all the colonies to ensure the integrity of the territories (Parrington 410). Legislative Assembly of the former colonies adopted their fixed Constitution on the recommendations of Thomas Paine since 1776. Constitutional Convention was convened to develop the Constitutionof theUnited States in 1787. Thomas Paine criticized the Constitution; he did not take part in its elaboration. Paine opposed the establishment of a bicameral legislature, formed on the basis of census suffrage and disliked unlimited authority of senators almost six months. In his view, the collegial body was secured by the Constitution. Paine did not suit the position of irremovability of judges; he considered that they should be re-elected and held accountable to the people. Thomas Paine offered to deprive the president of veto powers as he believed that each new generation should determine what is corresponding to their interests; thus, they should have the right to change the Constitution. The text of theConstitutionof theUnited States was amended in 1789. It was formalized according to the basic principles of Paine, which were raised in an anonymous pamphlet "Common Sense". First, the continental parliamentary republic was created with a strong central government, where formerly independent states united under a single flag. Second, the state involved the principle of "broad and equal representation" of citizens. Third, the federal statute included sections on the rights of citizens. Fourth, the Constitution of the United States was perceived in the country as the Supreme Law. This document was developed in exact conformity with the principles of "Common Sense". Paines ideas are inherent in the constitutions of many countries.The United States of America embarked on building a new type of the state with the adoption of its most important documents, the Declaration of Independence and the Constitutionof theUnited States. Evidently, their experience in the construction of democratic orientation became widespread across all continents. In regard to the human rights that Thomas Paine regulated in the pamphlet "Common Sense", Paine belonged to the school of political thinkers of the XVIII century. The main purpose of the state is to protect the rights, freedoms and security of society; its objectives are to ensure the social common good. As considered by Paine, the government is a national association whose purpose is to benefit all, and this problem can be solved only by the state that is based on the social contract. The state should eliminate poverty and begging (The Complete Writings 206).Paine emphasizes that all people are equal and have a natural right. Life and the people's rights were identified by the Creator of the world, not by previous generations. State alienates people from their freedom and equality and protects devised hereditary barriers in society, appropriating power. A person becomes entangled in the net of political power, and it loses their natural freedom. Then the government violates the human rights. (Morsink 251-53)The basis of political views of Paine is a democratic interpretation of the doctrine of natural law. In his opinion, right arises together with the advent of society and state. Paine identifies natural and civil human rights in their political and legal theory. Natural rights one has from our birth are the right to happiness, freedom of conscience and thought. People transferred some of their natural rights to the "general fund" with the formation of society and the state, hence, there are civil rights belonging to a person as a member of society. Paine attributed right of ownership to this type of rights. The joint actions of the people in the direction of transformation of the natural rights of individuals to equal civil rights leading to the formation of relations of equality before the law and the creation of civil society. A necessary condition for the civil state is the emergence of the national government, acting on the basis of the Constitution. The exercise of civil rights ent ers democratic norms to social relations. (Morsink 251-53)Paine argued that in its natural state, there was no private ownership of land because it was common property of mankind. Private property appears with the transition to agriculture and as a result of underpayment to workers. Thus, there is a division of people into rich and poor. From their birth, all people are equal in their rights, and the division into rich and poor is a consequence of the emergence of private property. In addition, Thomas Paine was one of the first who opposed slavery in North America in 1775. He demanded the liberation of slaves. State arises after the union of people into society. People are unable to maintain justice themselves in relation to each other; therefore, the government's objective is to provide and maintain innate human rights. A person has the right to freedom of thought, conscience, the right to do everything for their happiness that does not harm other people. The supreme power in the s tate should belong to the people; thus, Paine introduced the idea of popular sovereignty, according to which people can choose any form of government. Paine played an important role in spreading the rationalist view of religion and the church, and he was subjected to social ostracism. The reaction part ignored and rejected the work of Paine, some reasonable ra... The Theory of Thomas Paine Essay - 1100 Words The Theory of Thomas Paine (Essay Sample) Content: Students NameInstructor's NameThe CourseThe DateThe Theory of Thomas Paine about Human Freedom and the Formation of a New American GovernmentTo the representatives of the radical democratic, legal and political ideologies, the period of the War of Independence (1775-1783) belongs to Thomas Paine. He was the first who raised the issue of separation of the colonies from England and the creation of the independent state of America. This politico-legal concept is described in the pamphlet "Common Sense" (1776). Paine suggested the name of the state that the colonists had to create - "United States of America". This paper analyzes the main provisions of the Thomas Paine of the formation of the new American government and human freedom. The topic is of great interest due to insufficient practical study of these issues. Why is the pamphlet Common Sense essential for the American nation? To answer this question, it is necessary to analyze the political aspects of the formati on of the American government and adoption of the Constitution. In his writings, Paine argues about the historical inevitability of the emergence of the state. The social contract does not establish between the people and the rulers; the society should have a legislator because people's intentions and real actions are not always reasonable and justified. The author proposed a new system of polity: a representative parliamentary republic based on universal suffrage, whose activity was regulated by the Constitution, developed by the Constitutional Assembly. Thomas Paine foresaw danger to the USA, so the government needed to adopt a fixed Constitution. The first hazard is typical of any state in the period of turmoil. Genuine freedom and well-being of citizens depends on the head of the state. Another real danger is that the colony is not capable of defending the territory on its own. Government should unite all the colonies to ensure the integrity of the territories (Parrington 410). Legislative Assembly of the former colonies adopted their fixed Constitution on the recommendations of Thomas Paine since 1776. Constitutional Convention was convened to develop the Constitutionof theUnited States in 1787. Thomas Paine criticized the Constitution; he did not take part in its elaboration. Paine opposed the establishment of a bicameral legislature, formed on the basis of census suffrage and disliked unlimited authority of senators almost six months. In his view, the collegial body was secured by the Constitution. Paine did not suit the position of irremovability of judges; he considered that they should be re-elected and held accountable to the people. Thomas Paine offered to deprive the president of veto powers as he believed that each new generation should determine what is corresponding to their interests; thus, they should have the right to change the Constitution. The text of theConstitutionof theUnited States was amended in 1789. It was formalized according to the basic principles of Paine, which were raised in an anonymous pamphlet "Common Sense". First, the continental parliamentary republic was created with a strong central government, where formerly independent states united under a single flag. Second, the state involved the principle of "broad and equal representation" of citizens. Third, the federal statute included sections on the rights of citizens. Fourth, the Constitution of the United States was perceived in the country as the Supreme Law. This document was developed in exact conformity with the principles of "Common Sense". Paines ideas are inherent in the constitutions of many countries.The United States of America embarked on building a new type of the state with the adoption of its most important documents, the Declaration of Independence and the Constitutionof theUnited States. Evidently, their experience in the construction of democratic orientation became widespread across all continents. In regard to the human rights that Thomas Paine regulated in the pamphlet "Common Sense", Paine belonged to the school of political thinkers of the XVIII century. The main purpose of the state is to protect the rights, freedoms and security of society; its objectives are to ensure the social common good. As considered by Paine, the government is a national association whose purpose is to benefit all, and this problem can be solved only by the state that is based on the social contract. The state should eliminate poverty and begging (The Complete Writings 206).Paine emphasizes that all people are equal and have a natural right. Life and the people's rights were identified by the Creator of the world, not by previous generations. State alienates people from their freedom and equality and protects devised hereditary barriers in society, appropriating power. A person becomes entangled in the net of political power, and it loses their natural freedom. Then the government violates the human rights. (Morsink 251-53)The basis of political views of Paine is a democratic interpretation of the doctrine of natural law. In his opinion, right arises together with the advent of society and state. Paine identifies natural and civil human rights in their political and legal theory. Natural rights one has from our birth are the right to happiness, freedom of conscience and thought. People transferred some of their natural rights to the "general fund" with the formation of society and the state, hence, there are civil rights belonging to a person as a member of society. Paine attributed right of ownership to this type of rights. The joint actions of the people in the direction of transformation of the natural rights of individuals to equal civil rights leading to the formation of relations of equality before the law and the creation of civil society. A necessary condition for the civil state is the emergence of the national government, acting on the basis of the Constitution. The exercise of civil rights ent ers democratic norms to social relations. (Morsink 251-53)Paine argued that in its natural state, there was no private ownership of land because it was common property of mankind. Private property appears with the transition to agriculture and as a result of underpayment to workers. Thus, there is a division of people into rich and poor. From their birth, all people are equal in their rights, and the division into rich and poor is a consequence of the emergence of private property. In addition, Thomas Paine was one of the first who opposed slavery in North America in 1775. He demanded the liberation of slaves. State arises after the union of people into society. People are unable to maintain justice themselves in relation to each other; therefore, the government's objective is to provide and maintain innate human rights. A person has the right to freedom of thought, conscience, the right to do everything for their happiness that does not harm other people. The supreme power in the s tate should belong to the people; thus, Paine introduced the idea of popular sovereignty, according to which people can choose any form of government. Paine played an important role in spreading the rationalist view of religion and the church, and he was subjected to social ostracism. The reaction part ignored and rejected the work of Paine, some reasonable ra...

The Lesson By Toni Cade Bambara - 1552 Words

Throughout the years knowledge and culture has been passed down within generations. Elders within the community often teach life lessons to the young adults growing up in the neighborhood. This idea still holds true today, especially in low-income communities. People from different socioeconomic backgrounds live different lifestyles they also have different opportunities made available to them. Because of this idea, people with a higher social standing have an advantage over those in lower class standings. Social classes divide the people of our nation and have existed for as long as we can remember. The American Dream created the American nation that we know today. The dream itself is different for each individual. Money plays a major part in the American Dream because to be successful in America means to bear great wealth. We live in a nation, in which money controls our very existence. â€Å"The Lesson† by Toni Cade Bambara creates an argument about society’s unfairn ess that involves financial opportunities by revealing the differences in living environments between upper class and lower class. â€Å"The Lesson† is a very well written fragment of the past. This is a story from New York’s inner city of Harlem where children did not have substantial education much less the money to obtain it. Not only is this story about a poor girl out of place in an expensive toy store, it is also a social commentary that teaches readers an amazing life lesson. The character Miss Moore introducesShow MoreRelatedThe Lesson By Toni Cade Bambara992 Words   |  4 PagesThe Lesson: Summary/Response In the story The Lesson, author Toni Cade Bambara shows us a view of life from a black girl who lives in a poverty-stricken community just outside of New York City. In the story, there is a teacher whom takes the responsibility of teaching Sylvia and her friend group important lessons not only for a better education but to better understand life in its entirety. I believe the story is used as a tool to teach others about the lack of education in our nation in the seventiesRead Morethe Lesson by Toni Cade Bambara1428 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The Lesson† From The Mentor Whenever there is a civil rights movement going on, there are always 3 parties involved. One the Oppressor, second the Oppressed and lastly the Activist or the Mentor. The Activists usually always emerges from the Oppressed. That is when the Oppressed intellectuals feel that it’s time to standup to defend the identity of their people and make them strong enough to make a name of their own. This is what happened during the early 20th century within the African AmericanRead MoreThe Lesson By Toni Cade Bambara968 Words   |  4 PagesThere is a lesson in every situation no matter if you choose to accept it or not. A lesson can sometime guide you in the right path that is needed in your life or maybe it can just be for a certain situation. In the short story â€Å"The Lesson† by Toni Cade Bambara, she relates teaching a life changing lesson to the character Sylvia. Sylvia is a very strong willed young lady who is challenged with poverty in her neighborhood. The story begins with Miss Moore, an educated black woman who moves in theRead MoreThe Lesson By Toni Cade Bambara1429 Words   |  6 PagesUpon reading The Lesson, by Toni Cade Bambara, the reader cannot help but feel empathy towards the narrator Sylvia and her friends, as they are introduced to the realization of unfairness distribution of wealth in society, the diverse democracy. The lesson is taught by a lady named, Miss Moore, who moves into Sylvia’s neighborhood block. Miss Moore is a college educated women who shows the reality of the economic inequality to Sylvia and her friends by taking them on a field trip to a fancy toy storeRead MoreThe Lesson By Toni Cade Bambara850 Words   |  4 Pagesideas into the readers’ minds. Readers often begin reading a work with a biased opinion of the contents of the story. The superficial theme of a story is obvious, but the less obvious theme can have the most powerful message. In Toni Cade Bambara’s short story, â€Å"The Lesson,† the apparent t heme is poverty and wealth, but the true theme is the misapprehension of everything not being as it seems. The first physical description of Miss Moore gives the reader the impression that she is a woman of littleRead MoreThe Lesson by Toni Cade Bambara638 Words   |  3 Pagesthe hardest because the kids just want to play, goof around and don’t listen. Elementary teachers have hard time teaching young uneducated students just like Miss Moore with her uneducated children from the neighborhood, in the story â€Å"The Lesson† by Toni Cade Bambara. Miss Moore teaches the students how to take the first step toward a better education just like elementary teachers, her teaching method were to show how the upper class lived in comparison to the children but she could have though themRead MoreThe Lesson, By Toni Cade Bambara881 Words   |  4 Pagesthe story ‘The Lesson’, Sylvia and her friends’ receives a chance to take a look at the upper side of town and compare how the two communities differ from each other. The author uses social conflict to explain the r acial and social divide between the white and black community. In the story, the reader sees how social classes effect how adults and even children see the world. The author, Toni Cade Bambara, compares how blacks and whites live these times. In the story, â€Å"The Lesson†, a woman by theRead MoreThe Lesson By Toni Cade Bambara1346 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The Lesson† by Toni Cade Bambara is not just about a sassy, defiant, ungrateful poor girl that is out of place in an overpriced expensive toy store. â€Å"The Lesson† is a short story about a young black girl who is struggling with her increasing awareness of class inequality. When Sylvia’s new neighbor, Miss. Moore, a smart college educated woman introduces the reality of social inequality to Sylvia and her group of friends, they become cynical. Sylvia has always known in the back of her mind that sheRead MoreThe Lesson by Toni Cade Bambara1830 Words   |  8 PagesThe Lesson by Toni Cade Bambara is a short story set in the inner part of New York City that gives the reader an opportunity to briefly see into the lives of children living devoid of wealth and education. It takes place in the early seventies, following the civil rights move ment and during a time when the imbalance of wealth in terms of race was immense. Bamabara, through the use of narrative point of tone, symbols, setting and characterization, brings out and develops what I believe to be theRead MoreThe Lesson By Toni Cade Bambara2703 Words   |  11 PagesCaroline Bergsagel Professor Reichardt English 1101/1102-681 14th April, 2015 In the story â€Å"The Lesson† by Toni Cade Bambara, the author uses symbolism, irony, setting, and black vernacular diction to show the children -the â€Å"other side of the street†- and the economic disparity and inequality they face. When a well educated teacher takes the the children on an allegedly fun and frivolous field trip to a toy store, it is there she shows the children the disparity they face in their neighborhood. By

Juvenile Crime Is The Number One Priority - 3511 Words

INTRODUCTION Juvenile Crime has been increasing as society progress. Finding possible solutions to help at-risk youth is the number one priority. In society today, federal laws preventing violence crimes are becoming more detailed and protected. However, it does not seem to stop criminals from committing illegal acts, especially for at-risk children in the city of Chicago. According to ABCNews, Chicago’s Murder rate is four time higher than New York City (Rosenzweig). Juvenile gang activities are without a doubt, a reality, and is increasing uncontrollably in the city of Chicago, IL. Even though there is no universal definition for â€Å"gang†, the National Institute of Justice, defined it as an association with three or more non-adult individuals who identify themselves as group that projects intimidation, with a purpose of engaging in activities deem as a criminal act by society (NIJ). In order to prevent at-risk children from committing juvenile act, gang prevention programs must be supported throughout the nation, especially in Chicago at the federal level. The following report will analyzed current programs in United States, then determined whether the programs are contributing to society, and providing additional alternative. DESCRIPTION The idea of â€Å"gang† originate in Europe and then transfer to America. Although the method and time of when it migrate to America remained unknowned. OJJDP claims that the first record of gang activities were in 1783 after the AmericanShow MoreRelatedProfit Over Youth : A Look Into The Business Of Prison950 Words   |  4 PagesPrison. The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention established that in 2009 there were a total of 1,812,900 juvenile arrest. These arrest consisted of those who were arrested and never tried as adults, for the purpose of this paper the same definition of a juvenile will be used. It can be easily argued that the juvenile population is Americas most vulnerable, and this is the population that we are arresting at such high numbers. To understand why these juveniles are being arrested atRead MoreTools and Techniques Used by Police1094 Words   |  4 Pages Tools and techniques used by the police, that support policing and crime prevention, include Geographical information systems (GIS) and SARA, however, the European Union Network on Crime, uses the â€Å"Five I’s† method (Shaw, et al, 2010, p.xx). According to the European cross-country crime statistics, surveys and reports, 2012, justice, crime, and crime prevention measures, were not part of the EU acquis until the mid-1990s, so data has only been collected from Member States since then. The EuropeanRead MoreJuvenile Crime And Juvenile Offenders988 Words   |  4 PagesJuvenile crime is at its lowest level since 1987, falling 30% between 1994 and 1998. 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It is a subject with a long and varied history; countries have adjusted their laws about it many times. The methods of the death penalty have changed over time as well, from public to private executions and from hanging, firing squads and beheading to lethal injection. Despite this evolution, there are some questions yet to be answered, such as: Does capital punishment have benefits? Does a person’sRead MoreJuvenile Justice: An Increasingly Complex Problem in our Society1042 Words   |  5 Pages‘Juvenile Justice is an increasingly complex problem in our society’ Table of Contents: Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 Legislation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 Juveniles and the Law†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 Trends†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 Analysis of Law†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 5 Recommendations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 Appendix A†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 7 Appendix B†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreEssay on The Most Prevalent Causes of Juvenile Delinquency1164 Words   |  5 PagesJuvenile delinquency is a problem these days, despite a recent drop in arrests. Roughly 2.5 million juveniles are arrested every year for different crimes in America. About 100,000 of those are violent crimes, however those statistics are slightly inaccurate since only half of juvenile crimes are reported (Juvenile Justice Basic Statistics, 2011). Creating interventions to assist at-risk youth means preventing them from starting on a path to crime is a priority. Juvenile justice system researchers

Essay Poverty A Silent Killer - 1050 Words

Poverty is a major issue in our world today where people cannot afford the basic necessities required to survive. Approximately 1.02 billion people go to bed hungry each night. 1 With the world’s population being approximately 6.8 billion this is approximately 17.64% of the worlds population. 2 While trying to earn money to survive, people in poverty are exposed to crowded living conditions which result in an increased exposure to contagious and infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and malaria. 2 The other killer disease associated with poverty is AIDS. 3 The need to earn more money often results in having more kids but with a lack of education about safe sex practices, sexually transmitted diseases run rampant in poverty stricken†¦show more content†¦If we just take a little time out of our day, we can make a huge change in the world just by picking up the phone and sponsoring a child. Instead of sponsoring a child we can make donations to organizations that are taking a stand against poverty. Whether it be a regional organization such as the Ontario Coalition against Poverty or a national organization such as Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere, Inc. the smallest donation can make all the difference. The existence of these organizations leads to the problem where society believes they need to have money to make a difference. Instead of donating money you can make a difference by volunteering with an organization such as Action against Poverty. This organizations main ideas for fighting against poverty are: educating about HIV/AIDS, sanitation and providing water. This is just one such organization that individuals can volunteer with to make a difference. 6 Individual actions are only the preemptive strike in the war against poverty. We only have so much ammunition as individuals but the power we have as a community is like a nuclear bomb. It has the potential to change the way the entire world views poverty and changes how they take a stand against it. As a community we can take part in various fundraising activities to raise money. Universities and high schools usually takeShow MoreRelatedPoverty: The Silent Killer Essay1008 Words   |  5 PagesPoverty, also know as the â€Å"silent killer† (Causes of Poverty), exists in every corner of the world. The death rate of poor children is a staggering number; about 9 million die each year. Some view poverty as people not being able to afford an occupational meal or having to skip a meal to save money. This isn’t true poverty; poverty is where people live on $1.25 or less a day. According to Causes of Poverty, 1.4 billion people live like this. Even more shocking than the last statistic is thatRead MoreHigh Blood Pressure Among African Americans1040 Words   |  5 PagesHigh Blood Pressure Among African Americans Many illness or diseases are known as silent killers because there are no signs or only vague signs of symptoms. These silent killers are deadly; in fact, they gradually consume a person in the early stages. One of those silent killers is High Blood Pressure also known as hypertension. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention defines High Blood Pressure as the force of blood pushing against the walls of your arteries, which carry blood from your heartRead MoreThe Black Men Should Not Be Used For Police Target Practice1104 Words   |  5 PagesMastah but we are far from free. We are given two options: work for a system that works against us or die. Many black people built this great nation with hard labor but the stereotype that black people are lazy serves as an excuse for the large scale poverty my community faces instead of a lack of opportunity. The stereotypes that black people are lazy, and ghetto, and impotent get combined into a caricature. Theses stereotypes are used to justify politically motivated crimes against human beings.Read MoreInjustice, Discrimination and Racism in Obasan by Joy Kogawa and More by Austin Clarke1709 Words   |  7 Pagesand has lived in Canada for many years is still viewed as an immigrant. Although, Naomi and Idora both raise questions on why they don’t belong in the white community, however Idora truly fights back and raises a voice rather than Naomi who is more silent in such discriminations. Naomi was born in Vancouver; British Colombia but always is categorized as a Japanese woman and never accepted as a Canadian because of her physical characteristics and the past history of the war. 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During this time period, the United States was segregated. In rural areas, segregation and racism was the greatest because of poverty. During the time Wolfe’s short story takes place, the United States was likely experiencing the Great Depression. Farming communities were particularly hurt by the depression as the Midwestern farm belt was also experiencing a drought forcing manyRead MoreCorruption Of The Saudi Arabia906 Words   |  4 Pagesmaterial loss. Moreover, the absence of anti-corruption law to protect the investment make the investors afraid to invest in Saudi Arabia. In addition, that will lead to a general weakness in job creation and expand the phenomenon of unemployment and poverty. As Swaminatha n S Anklesaria Aiyar says â€Å"Transparency International We all know that corruption is bad for countries, both morally and in economic terms†. 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Essay on Interview a Manager - 577 Words

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The manager interviewed for this assignment was Chief Warrant 3 Linwood Bowers, the Chief of the Personnel Support Directorate of the White House Communications Agency (WHCA). Chief Bowers has held his present position for four years. The focus of the interview was the unique challenges of good communication. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;One of the unique challenges Chief Bowers has had to face is the different language that permeates throughout the organizational culture of the Agency. WHCA is a joint command with individuals of all DOD services present. This joint environment is fraught with communication stumbling blocks like learning service unique terms. The importance of common terminology has been†¦show more content†¦This dual mission role has hampered focus and created confusion. One of the problems is that personnel are assigned a travel mission they have not been formally trained to accomplish. Personnel are assigned radio technician responsibilities and are required to learn based solely through agency on-the-job training. This unique approach to manning shortfalls drives the need for good communication and interpersonal skills. Chief Bowers stated that the travel tempo impels him to communicate through email. Email communication does not provide an opportunity for â€Å"non verbals† as discussed in Arredondo (1991). â€Å"Visual cues (what’s seen) accounted for more than half of the impact on people. More than a third came from vocal signals (sounds and tones). Less than a tenth was the result of words (the verbal channel).† To recap, the relative impact of non-verbal communication accounts for 93% of the delivery of face to face communication. Email communication is a required necessary evil because the agency is spread throughout the country. As a result, effective consistent communications is being hampered and is not an established strength of the Agency in Chief Bower’s opinion. Chief Bowers also voiced concern over inconsistent application of rules and standards of conduct. In his experience, everyone believes his or her situation is unique and therefore requires â€Å"special† consideration. The very nature of bearing arms demands aShow MoreRelatedInterview with a Manager2122 Words   |  9 Pages| MANAGER INTERVIEW | | | Introduction: â€Å"Leadership is understanding people and involving them to help you do a job. That takes all of the good characteristics, like integrity, dedication of purpose, selflessness, knowledge, skill, implacability, as well as determination not to accept failure† (Burke 1995).  The purpose of this paper is to interview a manager from an organization and find out the leadership styles she uses to effectively manage the staff there. 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Conditions of the Women And Power Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Conditions of the Women And Power. Answer: The present civil, social and the religious conditions of the women is a subject for the vast being brought within the limits of one form of the short form of lectures. It suffices to say that for the moment is that whenever we tend to turn the history of the women it is sad, drear and dark, without being alleviating to the circumstances that are nothing to be done that can be drawn for the consolations (Dolan et al). In advocating the suffrage of the women as the central point for the rights of the women that are being the central point for the manifestation of the rights for the women that are being declared as the sentiments. However, it has been seen that as the suffragists have been gathered the adherents for the cause. However, famous author, Stanton have refused the limits of the demands for the sole form of vote. She very much remained in the vanguard of the women arguing for the rights of the women to get the higher form of education in the professional life for the legal entity that have included the right to own the property and obtaining the divorce. The strongest form of reason for giving the women all form of opportunities for the higher form of education, for the full form of development of her own faculties for completing the emancipation for all forms of bondage of the customs, the emancipation from all the forms of the bondage of the customs, the dependence and the superstitions from all the other forms of the solitude and the personal form of responsibilities towards their own life. However, it is very evident that every individual should be a captain, engineer and the pilot with the chart and compass the stand at the wheel for matching the winds and the waves for knowing to sail and to read the signs (Paxton et al.). References Dolan, Julie, Melissa M. Deckman, and Michele L. Swers.Women and politics: Paths to power and political influence. Rowman Littlefield, 2017. Paxton, Pamela, and Melanie M. Hughes.Women, politics, and power: A global perspective. CQ Press, 2015.

Financial Ratio Analysis Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Financial Performance and Ratio Analysis. Answer: Introduction Financial analysis is critical in the context of evaluating the financial performance. One of the key tools that is deployed to carry this analysis is known as ratio analysis. This tends to compute the underlying ratios that tend to highlight the various aspects of the working of the company so that the respective strengths and weaknesses of the given entity can be identified. In this background, the objective of this report is to carry out an analysis of a company named Gelato Industries based on the respective financial statements provided for 2014 and 2015. Additionally, to facilitate performance benchmarking, the respective industry averages have also been provided. The report presents the observations in this regards. Further, the report also highlights certain key aspects about Warren Buffet as an investor. Analysis The financial ratios for the company in 2015 and 2014 are highlighted below. Ratios 2015 2014 Current ratio 0.90 1.84 Quick ratio 0.24 0.78 Average collection period 18.98 30.42 Inventory turnover 4.06 3.10 Debt ratio 61.30% 50.00% Interest coverage ratio 4.62 3.15 Operating profit margin 10.50% 9.60% Total asset turnover 2.05 1.33 Fixed asset turnover 3.50 2.42 Return on asset 11.74% 6.11% Return on equity 30.32% 12.23% The evaluation of the performance of the firm on various parameters in comparison with the industry is carried out below. Liquidity It is apparent that in terms of liquidity, the performance of the company is far inferior to the peers. This is because the current ratio in both the years is lesser than the industry average of 2 which is especially true for 2015. A similar trend is noticed in the context of the quick ratio. As a result, it would be fair to conclude that the company needs to take measures to improve the liquidity or it could face potential cash crunch especially in the short term (Arnold, 2005). Capital Structure The debt ratio is indicative of the capital structure of the company. While in 2014, the debt level seems to be fine, but in 2015, the leveraging of the balance sheet seems to have increased due to which the use of debt is higher than the industry average. Also, a key risk is with related to the interest payment default and hence interpretation of interest coverage ratio becomes essential. The interest coverage ratio has undergone improvement in 2015 when compared to corresponding value in 2014. The value in 2015 is clearly superior than the industry average which augers well for the company with regards to availing debt funding (Berk et. al., 2013). Asset Management These ratios essentially capture the extent to which the assets are used efficiently for sales generation. The asset management ratios i.e. fixed asset turnover and total asset turnover both are superior to the industry average in both the years. Further, this reflects the superior ability of the company to generate sales from the available assets which provides this a competitive edge over the peer group companies (Damodaran, 2010). Efficiency The efficiency ratios tend to reflect the operational efficiency particularly in relation to the management of the cash cycle. It is apparent that the efficiency ratios of the company are superior in comparison to the industry average. This is true for both average collection period and also inventory turnover. Hence, the company is able to covert inventory into sales in a quicker manner as compared to peers. A similar conclusion can also be drawn in relation to the ability of converting sales into cash as the collection period for company is lower than the industry average. Both these aspects tend to contribute to a lower cash cycle for the company which limits the working capital requirements (Lasher, 2007). Profitability The profitability ratios of the company tend to suggest that the performance of the company in this regards in 2015 is superior to the industry. This is true for return on asset, return on equity along with operating profit margin. However, certain profitability ratios such as operating profit margin and return on asset were lower for the company than the industry average in 2014. However, the company seems to have improved the business operations and underlying strategy which has led to better margins and higher profits on account of top line growth (Beck et. al., 2013). Price of each share at the end of 2015 = $ 15 Number of outstanding shares = 5000 Earnings per share = (Net profit /Number of outstanding shares) = (22884/5000) = $ 4.58 Price-earnings ratio = Price per share/ Earnings per share = 15/4.58 = 3.28 Market to Book Value = (Market Value/Book Value) = (5000*15)/ (195000-119535) = 0.99 On the basis of the above, it can be concluded that while the balance sheet of the company seems a little higher in leverage and also the liquidity ratios pose some concern, the performance of the company in other aspects is superior to the industry average. Also, it is noteworthy that in the year 2015, the profitability, asset management, efficiency ratios have seen significant improvement which is very positive for the shareholders. However, considering the improvement seen by the company (Damodaran, 2010). in 2015, the share prices of the company seems grossly undervalued especially seen the low P/E. Also, the book value of the company is slightly higher than the market value which indicates that the market believes that the management is not generating any value which is not supported by the 2015 financial statements. It seems that in the near future, the stock price of the company would improve especially if the management could replicate the performance level at 2015 standards (Arnold, 2005). Some of the interesting facts in relation to Warren Buffet are highlighted below (Kirkham, 2014) More than 99% of his current wealth has been turned after the age of 50 as the value of the holdings along with Berkshire Hathway shares has shown immense growth in the last two decades. Rather than giving his wealth in inheritance, Warren Buffet has made a pledge to donate 99% of his wealth for charity work. He made his first stock investment at the age of 11 in the year 1941. Buffet is an avid reader and more than 60% of his time is devoted to this activity. Buffet does not have a computer in his office or desk and prefers to analyse the financial statements without the same (Alkins, 2015). By the age of 16, Buffet has warned a wealth of about $ 53,000. His first job was with the Washington Post. (ii) The key points which Warren Buffet makes in relation with investments are summarised below. Investment must always be made in a business which the investor can understand. This is the reason why Buffet never invested in new age businesses driven by internet including Microsoft (YouTube , 2009) Once a stock is bought, a person should usually have a very long investment horizon as wealth is typically built over a large time period (YouTube , 2014) The management quality and ethics are absolutely critical for Buffer and no matter how good the business is, but if the management is bad or unethical, then a person must not invest in the business (YouTube , 2009) Warren Buffet does not believe in diversification and instead focuses on a concentrated portfolio with few stocks but only those ones which can be understood (YouTube , 2014) Further, it is essential to take investment advice only from trustworthy sources. Conclusion On the basis of the above discussion, it would be appropriate to conclude that Gelato Industries has significantly improved performance in 2015. This is especially visible in the context of profitability, efficiency and asset management. Even though the liquidity ratios and debt ratio are a little inferior to the industry, but it does not pose any significant issue. Also, the current market value seems less for the company considering the growth it has shown in 2015. It may be expected that the price of the stock would increase going forward. Further, the various key investment advices by Warren Buffet can also be useful for creating wealth in the long term for investors and should be adhered to. References Arnold,G. (2005). Corporate Financial Management (3rd ed.). Sydney: Finaicial Times Management. Berk, J., DeMarzo, P., Harford, J., Ford, G., Mollica, V., Finch, N. (2013).Fundamentals of corporate finance. London: Pearson Higher Education AU. Damodaran, A. (2010).Applied corporate finance: A users manual(3rd ed.). New York: Wiley, John Sons Elkins, K. (2015, September), 22 mind-blowing facts about Warren Buffett and his wealth, Business Insider, Retrieved on September 22, 2017 from https://www.businessinsider.in/22-mind-blowing-facts-about-Warren-Buffett-and-his-wealth/articleshow/49082296.cms Kirkham, E. (2014, November), 21 Surprising Facts You Never Knew About Warren Buffett, Go Banking Rates Website, Retrieved on September 22, 2017 from https://www.gobankingrates.com/net-worth/21-fun-never-knew-warren-buffett/ Lasher, W. R., (2007) Practical Financial Management (5th ed.). London: South- Western College Publisher YouTube (2009), Warren Buffett's Financial Rules to Live By, You Tube, Retrieved on September 22, 2017 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gUAtVyWS_4Y YouTube (2014), Warren Buffett's Best Advice on Successful Investing, You Tube, Retrieved on September 22, 2017 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_5VQPIeZhMc

The Best Content for Your Online Shop †Part 3

The Best Content for Your Online Shop – Part 3 Your customer has found his way into your shop, he trusts you, he finds what he is searching for, he is persuaded by your product description, places the product in the shopping cart and then he disappears. What went wrong here?Your store content, your blog, or your product can still be good, but your text optimization shouldnt end once your customer has decided to make a purchase. Behind the product page lurk a number of hurdles and challenges that a shop owner must overcome in order to keep customers happy and welcome them back again in the future.In the final part of our series on the best content for your online shop, we take a look at the content regarding your checkout process and your service-mails. We explain what should receive attention in order to convert your users into satisfied customers. Your customer has found his way into your shop, he trusts you, he finds what he is searching for, he is persuaded by your product description, places the product in the shopping cart a nd then he disappears. What went wrong here?Your store content, your blog or your product can still be good, but your text optimization shouldnt end once your customer has decided to make a purchase. Behind the product page lurk a number of hurdles and challenges that a shop owner must overcome in order to keep customers happy and welcome them back again in the future.In the final part of our series on the best content for your online shop, we take a look at the content of your checkout process and your service-mails. We explain what should receive attention in order to convert your users into satisfied customers.Strengthen Customer ConfidenceMany users decide to cancel the purchase and leave the site with the product already in the shopping cart. In order to prevent this, your checkout process must be designed so that no doubts are raised in the customers mind. Although the final yards often consist of automated processes and formalized procedures, some shopping, basket and service -mail content can strengthen customer confidence.1. Checkout: Shopping, Registration and PaymentVarious studies show that bounce rates of more than 60 percent are not uncommon in the ordering process. For you, that should mean dont confuse the customer but rather communicate in a clear, simple and organized fashion.What belongs on the shopping cart, registration and payment pages?Even if there is, ideally, just a small amount of content on the checkout pages, this should still be optimized. Communicate here as clearly as possible: At no time should the customer start to have doubts and consider whether he or she is making a mistake or question whether the shop is reputable.It is helpful to:Organize the checkout: The whole shopping cart, payment and delivery processes should be as easy as possible for the customer. Organize the process and the individual checkout pages clearly. A progress bar showing the customers status in the purchasing journey provides optimum orientation. Likewis e, the individual call-to-action buttons must be suitably prominent and well-labelled.Overall, the checkout process should not take too long, so dont include too many steps. The user must be logically guided through the ordering process. That means, for example, he or she should receive confirmation when something is placed in the basket, and the order button should be easy to find in the same place on each page.Communicate the shops features: Although you should avoid any unnecessary and distracting information, it may be advantageous to alert the user to the stores benefits. Quality and safety seals of approval can strengthen customer confidence. You can also advertise free shipping and a 30-day return policy in the shopping cart.Offer product details: Dont keep your customers in the dark. Let them see what they are buying right away, in the shopping cart and on the payment page. A picture and details, such as the color, price (with any discounts) and size of the product, should b e easily seen. Information regarding delivery and available features will also provide clarity and boost user confidence. Enter the available shipping and payment methods clearly. And offer the option to delete items and change the total number of products. Users must always feel they are in control of their shopping journey.Make the registration process simple: Collect only the data you really need, not details that might be helpful to have. If the customer has to provide too much information, then he or she is also likely to disappear faster. You could perhaps even think about a guest login. Your registration form should use clearly labelled fields and also specify which fields are required. Opt-in registration for a newsletter or advertising material can also be useful.Communicate clearly: Avoid making it necessary for the customer to have to think about the order process. All content, buttons and invitations should be clear so that its obvious what you want the customer to do.Of fer a contact option: If your customer may need some initial help, ensure the possibility for assistance is available.Take-Away Points:Create a well-organized checkoutCommunicate the shops benefitsGive informative product, payment and shipping detailsMake registration as easy as possibleKeep your customer informed about what to do, and keep all communication clear and simpleOffer a contact option2. Order ConfirmationIn order confirmations, clear and direct, yet friendly, communication is paramount. A confirmation email reassures your customer that the order has been processed.What goes into an order confirmation?The order confirmation summarizes what the customer has ordered on what purchase terms and restates the delivery and shipping arrangement.Your order confirmation should include the following content:A meaningful subject heading with products and/or an order numberYour online shop dataAn order number and customer detailsA short, friendly letterDelivery address and conditions, the order placement date, anticipated delivery date and shipping methodPayment arrangements and, where appropriate, billing addressA detailed list of ordered products, including pricing and quantitiesShipping and packing costs as well as a summary showing the total order costTerms and conditions and legal rights (for example, the right of cancellation, supplier details)A link to the shop/customer accountStylistically, order confirmations are usually factual and direct. The cover letter is almost the only content that you can personalize. Thank your customer and provide information about any further steps that may need to be taken. You should then once again provide the customer with a detailed overview of the product ordered, plus details of all conditions and selected options.In addition to its primary function, the order confirmation is often used as a cross-selling channel. Companies like Amazon use their email to display products that match and complement those already ordered. Take-Away Points:An order confirmation must not be just a sales contractThe format should be clear and user-orientedA confirmation email will reassure the customerProvide the customer with a detailed list of what has been orderedUse a short letter to make a connection with your customerConsider advertising on the order confirmation3. Shipping ConfirmationsThe shipping confirmation will resemble the order confirmation. It is used to inform and reassure the customer about the purchase.What belongs in a shipping confirmation?Shipping confirmations are quite similar to contracts or order confirmations and are usually very plain. They contain everything that is legally important as well as delivery and payment terms.The short letter enclosed with your order confirmation is almost the only place you can add a personal touch.Among other things, a shipping confirmation should include:A meaningful subject line, perhaps containing the article and/or order numberYour online shop dataA customer number and customer detailsAn order number, if requiredA short, friendly cover letterThe delivery address and conditionsAn estimated delivery, or a delivery date, and shipping methodShipment tracking informationPayment arrangements and, where appropriate, billing addressA detailed list of ordered products, including pricing and quantitiesShipping and packing costs as well as a summary showing the total order costNotification of the terms and conditions and legal rights (for example, the right of cancellation, supplier details)A link to the shop/customer accountThere are strict legal guidelines covering the advertising allowed on the shipping confirmation. So whether you offer cross-selling products, ask for a product review or refer to your active social media channels, you should check this aspect very carefully.Take-Away Points:The tone here is usually plain and professional, so an individual and appealing letter could provide a welcome changeCheck the legally important aspects o f your contentMore about Shipping Confirmations:Your online shop content serves as your customer advisors and sales assistants.Accompany your customers on the journey to and from your online store. Good content and a well-structured store are the key to satisfied customers. Inform and persuade your customers about the benefits of your products to promote confidence in your store.Each customer journey has more touchpoints than those featured here, and a shop will have a lot more content to be optimized. However, we hope our series has given you a closer understanding of the most important aspects of your online store content and that one or two of our suggestions will make your online store even more successful.

Why Test Data Should Not Be Normalized

Why Test Data Should Not Be NormalizedIn Part I of this article series we discussed the various types of standards that are added to a sample and used to take into account matrix eigenvalues. In this part of the article series we will be looking at the various types of matrix eigenvalues. We will also look at the use of matrix eigenvalues in a typical cross validation. Before I begin, let me make clear what matrix eigenvalues are and how they can be used.You might have heard the term eigenvalues before and you might be wondering what they are and how they can be used. Matrix eigenvalues are basically the square roots of a matrix. The square roots of matrices are known as eigenvectors.Most standard formulas for assessing the performance of a model just take the squared values of the eigenvalues of the training data. However, the above formula is not valid for matrix eigenvalues. Even if you assume that the entire training set of data is normally distributed. This is because the eigenv alues are not normally distributed and you need to normalize the eigenvalues.So the standard formula does not apply for matrix eigenvalues, but you might be wondering what happens if you compute them for a single instance test? Well there are actually two ways to do this.The first way is the standard approach where you run the standard test on a single instance. It is very important to understand that a single instance test is not normally distributed. If you calculate the standardized metrics for each of the data points you will get very different results. There is a simple explanation for this.First let us consider the case when you have a data set with a large number of data points, say n points. You want to compute the metrics for all n points at once. However, there is only one data point in the data set. If you compute the standardized metrics for all the data points at once the result will be completely different from the computation of the metrics for all the data points ind ividually.The second approach is to consider the case where you want to compute the metrics for the smallest number of data points. If you try to compute the metrics for all the data points individually then the only thing that is left to consider is the variance of the metrics. Once you have computed the variance of the metrics you will notice that it is the square root of all the factors multiplied together.When the data sets have a large number of data points the data that is collected but not yet analyzed, has eigenvalues that are too small to be seen by the human eye. Therefore, a metric that uses eigenvalues that are too small is inappropriate. The best way to compute the metrics for data points with small eigenvalues is to create a uniform subspace.

The eNotes Blog 8 Books to Read If You Attended the WomensMarch

8 Books to Read If You Attended the WomensMarch This past January, a record number of American women were sworn in as governors, state senators, and congresswomen. Soon after, many of these women, their supporters, and other advocates for womens rights took the streets to march in the third-annual Womens March. We wanted to keep the good femm-tastic vibes going with a list of recommended reads for all you Womens March attendees. These eight books are about love, sexuality, power, race, and community, and- of course- feminism. March (and read) on! 1. All About Love: New Visions by Bell Hooks Page count: 240 Genre: Nonfiction Publish date: 1999 â€Å"One of the best guides to how to be self-loving is to give ourselves the love we are often dreaming about receiving from others,† bell hooks writes in her life-changing book All About Love. In one of her most personal works, hooks writes about her quest to understand love as a verb by offering a definition and examining how to undo some of the harmful ways we’ve been taught to give and accept love into our lives. 2. The Dream of a Common Language by Adrienne Rich Page count: 96 Genre: Poetry Publish date: 1993 A collection of poetry published in 1978, The Dream of a Common Language examines the varied experiences of womanhood through an exploration of power, history, lesbianism, and politics. The poems reflect Rich’s own identity, integrating her personal life, political beliefs, and understanding of love. The book poignantly argues for a â€Å"common language† that has the capacity to communicate and be bestowed with feminist ideals. 3. Sister Outsider by Audre Lorde Page count: 190 Genre: Nonfiction; Essays Publish date: 1984 Audre Lorde is the champion of the essay form. In her collection of fifteen essays and speeches, she critically examines the intersections of identity along the lines of sexism, racism, homophobia, and class. The book asserts Lorde’s identity, highlighting the importance of legitimizing poetry and personal narrative as important forms for combatting patriarchy. 4. The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison Page count: 216 Genre: Fiction Publish date: 1970 The novel follows the story of Pecola Breedlove and critiques society’s obsession with beauty and conformity to whiteness. The book encourages readers to think about internalized racism, family trauma, and the history of racism in the United States. Today, it is still regarded as one of the most important works of American literature. 5. The House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros Page count: 110 Genre: Fiction; YA Publish date: 1984 Set in a predominantly Latinx neighborhood in Chicago, The House on Mango Street explores the novel’s protagonist, Esperanza Cordero, through her relationships, trauma, and experiences while growing up. Because Cordero is also the novel’s narrator, we’re given a first-hand account of immigrant life and what it means to be marginalized in a predominantly white country. 6. This Bridge Called My Back edited by Cherrà ­e Moraga and Gloria Anzaldà ºa Page count: 261 Genre: Nonfiction; Essays; Poetry Publish date: 1981 One of the most important anthologies to feminism, This Bridge Called My Back focuses on the experiences of women of color and their intersectional identities. The book propelled forward third-wave feminism by highlighting of the voices of African American, Native American, Asian American, and Latina women, arguing for an intellectual framework that expanded what it means to be a feminist. 7. Tiny Beautiful Things: Advice on Love and Life from Dear Sugar by Cheryl Strayed Page count: 304 Genre: Nonfiction Publish date: 2012 This collection of The Rumpuss Dear Sugar advice columns offers painstakingly honest advice on all of the ups and downs of life, big and small. Cheryl Strayed, author of Wild, carefully crafts solid advice to her readers through the experiences of her own life and careful insight. Her bluntness and compassion is refreshing and provides a place to turn during times of uncertainty. 8. We Should All Be Feminists by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Page count: 52 Genre: Nonfiction; Essays Publish date: 2014 In We Should All Be Feminists, Adichie recognizes the importance of creating a shared definition of the term feminist, arguing that it is a label that should be understood and embraced by all- particularly at this moment in history. She writes about the wage gap, the gendered nature of economic power, and how we do a disservice to both women and men by teaching them to adhere to rigid gender roles.

A South African Investment Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

A South African Investment Paper - Essay Example Therefore, the interfaith centre insisted that the companies should terminate their operations and leave South Africa, unless the then South African government ended apartheid, and enhanced human rights for the minority groups. This resolution occurred when Texaco and SoCal, the owners of Caltex, were planning to expand Caltex refinery plant in Milnerto, from 58,000 barrels per day to 108,000 barrels per day. This was an expansion that would cost Caltex $135 million, and as a result increasing the country’s refining capacity by 11%, (case study 4, N.d, p.9). Benefits The management was opposed to the interfaith centre resolution, which required them to abandon their business in South Africa due to ethical matters. Expansion of the Caltex firm would be associated with several economic advantages; first, the expansion plans would add up to 20% of annual returns on the initial investment, as a result, benefiting the country economically. The Caltex management also argued that wit h the expansion of the Caltex plant, the conditions of the blacks and the minority would be improved. The companies long adopted the 1977 Dr. Leon Sullivan principles, which included: i) Equal employment opportunities for all races ii) Equal pay for employees iii) Non- discrimination of races in terms of work facilities, and social life iv) Development of training programs that would prepare all workers for jobs v) The increasing of black workers in managerial positions vi) Improving the employee’s life quality, by fostering health facilities, transportation, school, and housing facilities, (case study 4, N.d, p10). Therefore, Caltex management believed that the expansion of the plant would bear more positive outcomes and foster equality and fairness within the organization. Despite the interfaith resolution, Caltex showed its commitment in improving its worker’s conditions, when it promoted 742 black employees into the former white-held jobs; 29 black employees were a lso moved into the white-collar job category. The management also advanced the worker’s wages by raising them above average, as it believed that the expansion of Caltex plant had all the interests of all the races considered. Needless say, if Caltex withdrew its operation from South Africa, many workers, regardless their race, would be left at a disadvantage, since their jobs would cease, hence becoming difficult for them to provide for their families. Therefore, the expansion of Caltex plant would be beneficial to the workers despite their race; however, the blacks would be mainly affected, because of the difficulties they face before attaining employment opportunities. Needless to say, the presence of these foreign companies had improved the wages of black workers, and therefore Caltex expansion is beneficial. Violation of Rights and Justice The expansion of the Caltex plant was faced with numerous critics from the Interfaith Center, who claimed that it violated the rights of blacks and other minority groups by abiding to the apartheid rules. Despite the companies abiding by the

FUNDAMENTALS OF E-BUSINESS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

FUNDAMENTALS OF E-BUSINESS - Essay Example The present study would analyse the website of Sina which is a news and media company that provides news and other related content on its website. The study would evaluate the brand with regards to the design structure and content as well as analysis of the branding strategy of the organization using the online channel. Apart from this aspects of social networking and mass customisation would also be included in the study. The study would analyse the website of the organization on the basis of all the above mentioned elements. This would also include analysis of the demerits as well as possible corrective measures or strategies. The study would end with a section that summarises the findings of the study and also puts forth set of plausible recommendations that would enable the firm to ensure sustainable competitive advantage in the market. Introduction The business environment prevailing in this world resembles a highly competitive market environment where business organizations are engaged in cut throat competition. Globalisation has also led to business organizations breaching geographical and political boundaries to reach out to new markets to leverage the potential of the opportunities of different markets. This has also enhanced the aspect of competition in the business markets as firms are essentially resorting to price war that has further intensified competition as the profit margins of the companies have been squeezed. In order to differentiate the products and services firms are essentially adopting different means to reach out to customers in an attempt to increase awareness and improve the brand image and positioning of their products and services among the minds of the target market audience. The advancement in internet technology has opened yet another channel for business organizations to showcase their products and services to a wide and large number of target market audiences. The immense reach and potential of this channel has made its one of the powerful channels for business organizations to showcase their products. The growing popularity of online social networking sites has also opened up greater opportunities for this channel. The present study would analyse the online communication channel of Sina which is a leading media house based in China. The study would evaluate the aspect of web design as well as it underlying concepts as well as branding, mass customisation and the aspect of social networking that affects the brand image of the organization. The study would also have a set of plausible recommendations for the organization that would enable it to maintain a roadmap of positive growth and sustainability in the business markets. Website Structure Design and Concepts In order to effectively leverage the opportunities of the online channel it is highly essential to have a website that has a good design and attractiveness so as to make an appeal among the members of the target audience. It is also essential to i nclude a suitable content for readers and visitors so as to create awareness of the website in the minds of the customers. Sina is a media company that larges uses the online channel for its business. The main areas of business include news and related contents, mobile service, online and community gaming as well as online shopping portal. The revenues of the firm mainly arise from advertising

Crime and Poverty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Crime and Poverty - Essay Example Money is often reinvested from the open market to the black one to bring about high yet risky return in urban areas. This kinds od risks are even higher when this activity is controlled by mobs and gangs who make money on the account of others. The children who live in these areas do not have realistic role models, which results in them looking up to those people who get rich through those experiencing poverty. There are some theories that suggest that people are to blame for ending up in poverty themselves. It is true that today’s neighborhoods infested with gangs often invest in their own downfall by earning money through crime. However, the misfortune of America has much to do with the actions in the Civil War. There are speculations among some communities that suggest that slaves were turned loose after the Civil War not having proper education, nor a fair chance to provide for themselves or their families in a legal way. Along with the already lowered perception of these slaves, this caused a long term severance in social and economic standards of equality and education, as well as of opportunities. Many politicians through history tried to solve the problems of poverty, but nothing this serious and of this magnitude can be solved overnight. It may take a long time to improve means of wealth distribution and a society-wide commitment to solving this problem of poverty as well as the crime, but it is worth every minute spent. â€Å"It has been said that a civilized society is best measured by how it treats the poor. If such is the case, we Americans are abject failures. Nationwide over 20% of our children live in poverty. In Los Angeles 30% of all children are poor.†(Carl C. Holmes) These impoverished children are 2.7 times more likely to suffer stunted growth, and twice as likely is the chance for them to suffer serious physical or mental disabilities. Poor children score much lower on achievement tests and the level of illiteracy among the p oor is too large and disgraceful. If we could call poverty a disease, we could say that it is a most devastating disease that people can suffer. The poor do not suffer just economically, but also suffer lack of opportunity, education, health care, as well as much more violence, disease rates and imprisonment at much higher rates than those who are in better conditions in the community. They are often executed for capital crimes for which regular people wouldn’t be executed. It was thought of poverty to be the most noticeable cause of crime. However, this had an influence on many people to decide to form voluntary associations to help the poor and prevent them from committing a crime and ending up in prison. The way they saw it was that the poor need what others have and to get those things they turn to crime. This connection seems solid on the surface, but more closely, it is not the best perspective for viewing this situation. Certain voluntary organizations have the effect on a large portion of the battle between crime and poverty. These organizations had a goal to see that the criminals were treated fairly and to prevent crime by cutting it in the bud. They also try to help reform free convicts and by doing that also to improve the society. One of these associations was the Prison Discipline Society whose goal it was to ensure that the prisoners were treated fairly and kept in livable conditions. The theory which suggests that crime